Logothetidis Handbook of Flexible Organic Electronics

Materials, Manufacturing and Applications
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-78242-043-9
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 0, 478 Seiten

Reihe: Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials

Organic flexible electronics represent a highly promising technology that will provide increased functionality and the potential to meet future challenges of scalability, flexibility, low power consumption, light weight, and reduced cost. They will find new applications because they can be used with curved surfaces and incorporated in to a number of products that could not support traditional electronics. The book covers device physics, processing and manufacturing technologies, circuits and packaging, metrology and diagnostic tools, architectures, and systems engineering. Part one covers the production, properties and characterisation of flexible organic materials and part two looks at applications for flexible organic devices. - Reviews the properties and production of various flexible organic materials. - Describes the integration technologies of flexible organic electronics and their manufacturing methods. - Looks at the application of flexible organic materials in smart integrated systems and circuits, chemical sensors, microfluidic devices, organic non-volatile memory devices, and printed batteries and other power storage devices.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Logothetidis, Stergios

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Related titles;3
3;Handbook of Flexible Organic Electronics;4
4;Copyright;5
5;Contents;6
6;List of contributors;12
7;Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials;14
8;Part One Properties and materials;18
8.1;1 - Mechanics of curvature and strain in flexible organic electronic devices;20
8.1.1;1.1 Introduction;20
8.1.2;1.2 Stress and strain analyses;21
8.1.3;1.3 Failure under tensile stress;31
8.1.4;1.4 Failure under compressive stress;34
8.1.5;1.5 Mechanical test methods;36
8.1.6;1.6 Toward compliant and stretchable electronics;42
8.1.7;1.7 Conclusions;44
8.1.8;Acknowledgements;45
8.1.9;References;45
8.1.10;1. Appendix: Nomenclature;53
8.2;2 - Structural and electronic properties of fullerene-based organic materials: density functional theory-based calculations;54
8.2.1;2.1 Introduction;54
8.2.2;2.2 Theoretical background;55
8.2.3;2.3 Structural transformations of fullerenes based on DFT calculations;58
8.2.4;2.4 Prototype impurities in fullerene crystals and electronic effects;64
8.2.5;2.5 Summary and future trends;70
8.2.6;References;71
8.3;3 - Hybrid and nanocomposite materials for flexible organic electronics applications;74
8.3.1;3.1 Introduction;74
8.3.2;3.2 Production methods;78
8.3.3;3.3 Properties;83
8.3.4;3.4 Limitations;85
8.3.5;3.5 Electronics applications;87
8.3.6;3.6 Future trends;90
8.3.7;3.7 Sources of further information and advice;91
8.3.8;Acknowledgements;91
8.3.9;References;91
8.4;4 - Organic polymeric semiconductor materials for applications in photovoltaic cells;102
8.4.1;4.1 Introduction;102
8.4.2;4.2 Polymeric electron donors for bulk-heterojunction photovoltaic solar cells;103
8.4.3;4.3 Fullerene and polymeric-based electron acceptors for bulk heterojunction photovoltaic solar cells;117
8.4.4;4.4 Hybrid structures of polymer, copolymer semiconductors with carbon nanostructures;126
8.4.5;4.5 Conclusions;130
8.4.6;References;131
9;Part Two Technologies;138
9.1;5 - High-barrier films for flexible organic electronic devices;140
9.1.1;5.1 Introduction;140
9.1.2;5.2 Encapsulation of flexible OEs;140
9.1.3;5.3 Permeability mechanisms through barrier materials;143
9.1.4;5.4 Permeation measurement techniques;145
9.1.5;5.5 Advances in high-barrier materials;146
9.1.6;5.6 Conclusions;155
9.1.7;Acknowledgements;156
9.1.8;References;156
9.2;6 - Advanced interconnection technologies for flexible organic electronic systems;160
9.2.1;6.1 Introduction;160
9.2.2;6.2 Materials and processes;162
9.2.3;6.3 Reliability;175
9.2.4;6.4 Summary and future trends;182
9.2.5;Acknowledgements;184
9.2.6;References;184
9.3;7 - Roll-to-roll printing and coating techniques for manufacturing large-area flexible organic electronics;188
9.3.1;7.1 Introduction;188
9.3.2;7.2 Printing techniques;189
9.3.3;7.3 Coating techniques;199
9.3.4;7.4 Specialist coating techniques;201
9.3.5;7.5 Encapsulation techniques;204
9.3.6;7.6 Applications;206
9.3.7;7.7 Future trends;208
9.3.8;References;209
9.4;8 - Integrated printing for 2D/3D flexible organic electronic devices;216
9.4.1;8.1 Introduction;216
9.4.2;8.2 Fundamentals of inkjet printing;217
9.4.3;8.3 Electronic inks;223
9.4.4;8.4 Vertically integrated inkjet-printed electronic passive components;225
9.4.5;8.5 Conclusions;231
9.4.6;References;231
9.5;9 - In situ characterization of organic electronic materials using X-ray techniques;234
9.5.1;9.1 Introduction;234
9.5.2;9.2 Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction;235
9.5.3;9.3 Temperature-dependent studies;236
9.5.4;9.4 In situ X-ray studies;237
9.5.5;9.5 Conclusions;241
9.5.6;Acknowledgements;241
9.5.7;References;241
9.6;10 - In-line monitoring and quality control of flexible organic electronic materials;244
9.6.1;10.1 Introduction;244
9.6.2;10.2 Fundamentals of spectroscopic ellipsometry;246
9.6.3;10.3 Characterization of organic electronic nanomaterials;252
9.6.4;10.4 Conclusions and future trends;264
9.6.5;Acknowledgements;264
9.6.6;References;265
9.7;11 - Optimization of active nanomaterials and transparent electrodes using printing and vacuum processes;270
9.7.1;11.1 Introduction;270
9.7.2;11.2 Optimization of r2r printed active nanomaterials and electrodes;271
9.7.3;11.3 Combination of wet and vacuum techniques for OEs;291
9.7.4;11.4 Future trends;295
9.7.5;Acknowledgements;296
9.7.6;References;297
9.8;12 - Laser processing of flexible organic electronic materials;302
9.8.1;12.1 Introduction;302
9.8.2;12.2 The physics of laser interaction with thin films;303
9.8.3;12.3 Laser systems and sources;306
9.8.4;12.4 Beam delivery assembly;310
9.8.5;12.5 Laser modification of materials and C surfaces;314
9.8.6;12.6 Laser ablation processes;317
9.8.7;12.7 Laser printing;321
9.8.8;12.8 Conclusions and future trends;323
9.8.9;Acknowledgements;325
9.8.10;References;325
9.9;13 - Flexible organic electronic devices on metal foil substrates for lighting, photovoltaic, and other applications;332
9.9.1;13.1 Introduction;332
9.9.2;13.2 Substrate selection;335
9.9.3;13.3 Substrate preparation;338
9.9.4;13.4 TFTs for displays on metal foil;343
9.9.5;13.5 OLED lighting and photovoltaics on metal foil;350
9.9.6;13.6 Future trends;352
9.9.7;References;353
10;Part Three Applications;360
10.1;14 - Smart integrated systems and circuits using flexible organic electronics: automotive applications;362
10.1.1;14.1 Introduction;362
10.1.2;14.2 Materials for integrated systems;363
10.1.3;14.3 Manufacturing processes;374
10.1.4;14.4 Automotive applications;382
10.1.5;14.5 Conclusions;389
10.1.6;References;390
10.2;15 - Chemical sensors using organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs);392
10.2.1;15.1 Introduction;392
10.2.2;15.2 Gas and vapour sensors;393
10.2.3;15.3 Humidity sensors;395
10.2.4;15.4 pH detection;397
10.2.5;15.5 Glucose detection;400
10.2.6;15.6 Deoxyribonucleic acid detection;404
10.2.7;15.7 Conclusions;411
10.2.8;References;411
10.3;16 - Microfluidic devices using flexible organic electronic materials;414
10.3.1;16.1 Introduction;414
10.3.2;16.2 Microfluidics and electronics;414
10.3.3;16.3 Materials and fabrication techniques;416
10.3.4;16.4 Device examples;421
10.3.5;16.5 Summary;426
10.3.6;16.6 Future trends;427
10.3.7;Acknowledgements;427
10.3.8;References;428
10.4;17 - Two-terminal organic nonvolatile memory (ONVM) devices;430
10.4.1;17.1 Introduction;430
10.4.2;17.2 Carbon nanotube (CNT)-based 2T-ONVM structures;434
10.4.3;17.3 Conclusion;442
10.4.4;References;443
10.5;18 - Printed, flexible thin-film-batteries and other power storage devices;446
10.5.1;18.1 Introduction;446
10.5.2;18.2 The development of printed batteries;448
10.5.3;18.3 Basic design of printed batteries;450
10.5.4;18.4 Printing technologies and challenges;452
10.5.5;18.5 Properties of printed batteries;459
10.5.6;18.6 Conclusions and future trends;463
10.5.7;Appendix: Patent applications on printed batteries;463
10.5.8;References;463
11;Index;466
12;Color Plates;480

Leseproben

Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials
1 Circuit analysis
J. E. Whitehouse 2 Signal processing in electronic communications: For engineers and mathematicians
M. J. Chapman, D. P. Goodall and N. C. Steele 3 Pattern recognition and image processing
D. Luo 4 Digital filters and signal processing in electronic engineering: Theory, applications, architecture, code
S. M. Bozic and R. J. Chance 5 Cable engineering for local area networks
B. J. Elliott 6 Designing a structured cabling system to ISO 11801: Cross-referenced to European CENELEC and American Standards     Second edition
B. J. Elliott 7 Microscopy techniques for materials science
A. Clarke and C. Eberhardt 8 Materials for energy conversion devices
Edited by C. C. Sorrell, J. Nowotny and S. Sugihara 9 Digital image processing: Mathematical and computational methods     Second edition
J. M. Blackledge 10 Nanolithography and patterning techniques in microelectronics
Edited by D. Bucknall 11 Digital signal processing: Mathematical and computational methods, software development and applications     Second edition
J. M. Blackledge 12 Handbook of advanced dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric materials: Synthesis, properties and applications
Edited by Z.-G. Ye 13 Materials for fuel cells
Edited by M. Gasik 14 Solid-state hydrogen storage: Materials and chemistry
Edited by G. Walker 15 Laser cooling of solids
S. V. Petrushkin and V. V. Samartsev 16 Polymer electrolytes: Fundamentals and applications
Edited by C. A. C. Sequeira and D. A. F. Santos 17 Advanced piezoelectric materials: Science and technology
Edited by K. Uchino 18 Optical switches: Materials and design
Edited by S. J. Chua and B. Li 19 Advanced adhesives in electronics: Materials, properties and applications
Edited by M. O. Alam and C. Bailey 20 Thin film growth: Physics, materials science and applications
Edited by Z. Cao 21 Electromigration in thin films and electronic devices: Materials and reliability
Edited by C.-U. Kim 22 In situ characterization of thin film growth
Edited by G. Koster and G. Rijnders 23 Silicon-germanium (SiGe) nanostructures: Production, properties and applications in electronics
Edited by Y. Shiraki and N. Usami 24 High-temperature superconductors
Edited by X. G. Qiu 25 Introduction to the physics of nanoelectronics
S. G. Tan and M. B. A. Jalil 26 Printed films: Materials science and applications in sensors, electronics and photonics
Edited by M. Prudenziati and J. Hormadaly 27 Laser growth and processing of photonic devices
Edited by N. A. Vainos 28 Quantum optics with semiconductor nanostructures
Edited by F. Jahnke 29 Ultrasonic transducers: Materials and design for sensors, actuators and medical applications
Edited by K. Nakamura 30 Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) handbook
Edited by V. Goodship and A. Stevels 31 Applications of ATILA FEM software to smart materials: Case studies in designing devices
Edited by K. Uchino and J.-C. Debus 32 MEMS for automotive and aerospace applications
Edited by M. Kraft and N. M. White 33 Semiconductor lasers: Fundamentals and applications
Edited by A. Baranov and E. Tournie 34 Handbook of terahertz technology for imaging, sensing and communications
Edited by D. Saeedkia 35 Handbook of solid-state lasers: Materials, systems and applications
Edited by B. Denker and E. Shklovsky 36 Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs): Materials, devices and applications
Edited by A. Buckley 37 Lasers for medical applications: Diagnostics, therapy and surgery
Edited by H. Jelínková 38 Semiconductor gas sensors
Edited by R. Jaaniso and O. K. Tan 39 Handbook of organic materials for optical and (opto)electronic devices: Properties and applications
Edited by O. Ostroverkhova 40 Metallic films for electronic, optical and magnetic applications: Structure, processing and properties
Edited by K. Barmak and K. Coffey 41 Handbook of laser welding technologies
Edited by S. Katayama 42 Nanolithography: The art of fabricating nanoelectronic and nanophotonic devices and systems
Edited by M. Feldman 43 Laser spectroscopy for sensing: Fundamentals, techniques and applications
Edited by M. Baudelet 44 Chalcogenide glasses: Preparation, properties and applications
Edited by J.-L. Adam and X. Zhang 45 Handbook of MEMS for wireless and mobile applications
Edited by D. Uttamchandani 46 Subsea optics and imaging
Edited by J. Watson and O. Zielinski 47 Carbon nanotubes and graphene for photonic applications
Edited by S. Yamashita, Y. Saito and J. H. Choi 48 Optical biomimetics: Materials and applications
Edited by M. Large 49 Optical thin films and coatings
Edited by A. Piegari and F. Flory 50 Computer design of diffractive optics
Edited by V. A. Soifer 51 Smart sensors and MEMS: Intelligent devices and microsystems for industrial applications
Edited by S. Nihtianov and A. Luque 52 Fundamentals of femtosecond optics
S. A. Kozlov and V. V. Samartsev 53 Nanostructured semiconductor oxides for the next generation of electronics and functional devices: Properties and applications
S. Zhuiykov 54 Nitride semiconductor light-emitting diodes (LEDs): Materials, technologies and applications
Edited by J. J. Huang, H. C. Kuo and S. C. Shen 55 Sensor technologies for civil infrastructures     Volume 1: Sensing hardware and data collection methods for performance assessment
Edited by M. Wang, J. Lynch and H. Sohn 56 Sensor technologies for civil infrastructures     Volume 2: Applications in structural health monitoring
Edited by M. Wang, J. Lynch and H. Sohn 57 Graphene: Properties, preparation, characterisation and devices
Edited by V. Skákalová and A. B. Kaiser 58 Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology
Edited by O. Kononchuk and B.-Y. Nguyen 59 Biological identification: DNA amplification and sequencing, optical sensing, lab-on-chip and portable systems
Edited by R. P. Schaudies 60 High performance silicon imaging: Fundamentals and applications of CMOS and CCD sensors
Edited by D. Durini 61 Nanosensors for chemical and biological applications: Sensing with nanotubes, nanowires and nanoparticles
Edited by K. C. Honeychurch 62 Composite magnetoelectrics: Materials, structures, and applications
G. Srinivasan, S. Priya and N....