Mertens Visualizing Landscape Architecture

Functions, Concepts, Strategies
1. Auflage 2009
ISBN: 978-3-0346-0459-8
Verlag: De Gruyter
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 192 Seiten

“We don’t sell gardens; we sell images of gardens.” This observation on the part of a landscape architect makes it clear just how important it is that a design be effectively communicated to the community, clients, and the public. Drawings, models, simulations, and films communicate the designers’ proposed ideas and solutions, but they also convey their attitude toward the use of nature and the environment. With myriad possibilities – including computer programs as well as hand drawings and models, which continue to be widely used – and strong competition in the field, there is now a huge variety of visual representations, with agreed-upon rules but also a great deal of freedom. In three large sections, this books sifts through the currently commonplace and available techniques and evaluates them in terms of their informative value and persuasive power, always illustrating its points with analysis of examples from international firms. An introductory look at the development thus far is followed by a systematic presentation of modes of representation in two, three, and four dimensions – in the plane, in space, and in the temporal process. The second section deals with the sequence within the workflow: from the initial sketch through concept and implementation planning all the way to the finished product. The third section deals with the strategic use of visualizations in the context of competitions, future schemes, and large-scale landscape planning. The focus in this section is not on the familiar use of the relevant techniques, but rather on the methods and forms of visual representation in contemporary landscape architecture.

Zielgruppe

Professional/practitioner

Autoren/Hrsg.

Mertens, Elke

Fachgebiete

• Geisteswissenschaften Architektur Garten- und Landschaftsarchitektur

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;PREFACE;7
2;INTRODUCTION;9
2.1;Conveying ideas and planning aims in plans and images;10
2.2;Presentation methodsin the past;11
2.3;Finding ideas and forms;20
2.3.1;Finding ideas and forms by drawing;23
2.3.2;Finding ideas and forms by modelmaking;28
3;PART 1 FUNCTIONS;31
3.1;FUNCTIONS. PLANE
;32
3.1.1;Two-dimensional presentations: possibilities and limitations;32
3.1.1.1;The ground plan as the basis for design;33
3.1.1.2;Height as a second dimension: sections and elevations;35
3.1.1.3;Plans and analyses of the existing fabric;36
3.1.1.4;Preliminary design and design plans;40
3.1.1.5;Sections and elevations;50
3.1.1.6;Landscape planning;58
3.1.1.7;Explanatory structural plans;60
3.1.1.8;Presentation drawings;62
3.1.1.9;Working plans;64
3.2;FUNCTIONS. SPACE
;66
3.2.1;Presentation of living spaces;66
3.2.1.1;Three-dimensional projections;71
3.2.1.1.1;Axonometric projection;71
3.2.1.1.2;Vanishing point perspective;72
3.2.1.2;Spatial representation by models;73
3.2.1.3;Parallel projections and perspectives;74
3.2.1.4;Perspective views;74
3.2.1.4.1;Freehand drawings;76
3.2.1.4.2;Computer-generated drawings;80
3.2.1.5;Bird's-eye view perspectives;88
3.2.1.5.1;Freehand drawings;88
3.2.1.5.2;Computer-generated drawings;92
3.2.1.6;Spatial representations for working planning;98
3.2.1.7;Physical and digital models;99
3.3;FUNCTIONS. TIME
;102
3.3.1;Time as the fourth dimension;102
3.3.1.1;Change as a subject of design and presentation;102
3.3.1.2;Survey;104
3.3.1.3;Times of day;106
3.3.1.4;Seasons;110
3.3.1.5;The passage of time;112
3.3.1.6;Example: Transformations of an urban landscape: Bordeaux;114
3.3.1.7;Films;116
3.3.1.7.1;Museumsplatz in Vienna, Austria. Norbert Brandstattar and Stefan Raab;117
3.3.1.7.2;Green Dragon Pa rk, Shanghai, China. Turenscape;117
3.3.1.7.3;Orange Island, Changsha, China. Turenscape;118
3.3.1.7.4;Biomass in future landscapes, a virtual landscape journey. Lenne3D;118
3.3.1.7.5;Experimental videos on the perception of landscape. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Professor Christophe Girot;119
3.3.1.7.6;Shortcut;119
3.3.1.7.7;Affoltern_Encircled;119
4;PART 2 CONCEPTS;121
4.1;CONCEPTS. PLANNING PROCESS
;122
4.1.1;Visual presentations over the course of the planning process;122
4.1.1.1;Example 1: Beijing Vanshan Gas Implements Factory Park;123
4.1.1.2;Example 2: Khalifa City C;130
4.2;CONCEPTS. COMPETITIONS
;138
4.2.1;Visual presentations for competitions;138
4.2.1.1;Example 1: Landscape planning competition for the realization of the International Garden Show 2013 at Hamburg-Wilhelmsburg;139
4.2.1.2;Example 2: Toronto Waterfront competition;146
4.2.1.3;Example 3: The High Line competition;152
5;PART 3 STRATEGIES;159
5.1;STRATEGIES. LANDSCAPE PLANNING
;160
5.1.1;Urbanization: a challenge for sustainable landscape planning;160
5.1.1.1;Example: Ecological Infrastructure as the basis for "negative planning" for Taizhou, China;161
5.2;STRATEGIES. CLIMATE CHANGE
;170
5.2.1;Planning with climate change;170
5.2.1.1;Example 1: Retreat of the snow line;170
5.2.1.2;Example 2: Sprawl landscape;173
5.2.1.3;Example 3: Urban growth: Delta and Beach Grove;174
5.2.1.4;Example 4: Developments in the cityscape;177
5.3;STRATEGIES. SCENARIOS
;178
5.3.1;Scenarios as a basis for guiding and designing the growth of major cities;178
5.3.1.1;Example: Scenarios of development for the city of Perth;179
6;APPENDIX
;188
6.1;Illustration credits;188
6.2;Film credits;188
6.3;About the author;189
6.4;Subject index on visualizat ion in landscape architecture;189
6.5;Index of practices andprojects;190
6.6;Bibliography;191

Über Autor(innen)

Prof. Dr. Elke Mertens teaches technical drawing and design at Neubrandenburg University of Applied Sciences.