Mushin A Grammar of (Western) Garrwa

1. Auflage 2012
ISBN: 978-1-61451-241-7
Verlag: De Gruyter
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, Band 637, 494 Seiten

Reihe: Pacific Linguistics [PL]ISSN

Mushin provides the first full grammatical description of Garrwa, a critically endangered language of the Southwest Gulf of Carpentaria region in Northern Australia. Garrwa is typologically interesting because of its uncertain status in the Australian language family, its pronouns and its word order syntax. This book covers Garrwa phonology, morphology and syntax, with a particular focus on the use of grammar in discourse. The grammatical description is supplemented with a word list and text collection, including transcriptions of ordinary conversation.

Zielgruppe

Research Libraries, Researchers and Advanced Students with an Interest in Aboriginal Languages

Autoren/Hrsg.

Mushin, Ilana

Fachgebiete

• Geisteswissenschaften Sprachwissenschaft Sprachwissenschaften
• Geisteswissenschaften Literaturwissenschaft Literaturen sonstiger Sprachräume Ozeanische & Austronesische Literatur

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface and acknowledgements;7
2;List of glossing conventions;17
3;1 The Garrwa language and its speakers;19
3.1;1.1 Garrwa country and contact history;19
3.2;1.2 Language status;22
3.3;1.3 Linguistic affiliation;23
3.4;1.4 Social organization;25
3.5;1.5 Previous linguistic work on Garrwa;28
3.6;1.6 A note on the referencing of examples;29
4;2 Phonology;31
4.1;2.1 Consonants;32
4.1.1;2.1.1 Segmental phonemes;32
4.1.2;2.1.2 Palato-velar consonant;33
4.1.3;2.1.3 Phonemic status of retroflex;34
4.1.4;2.1.4 Lenition;36
4.1.5;2.1.5 Consonant clusters;37
4.2;2.2 Vowels;40
4.3;2.3 Phonotactics;41
4.3.1;2.3.1 Syllable structure;41
4.3.2;2.3.2 Word-final /n/;42
4.4;2.4 Stress;44
4.5;2.5 Morphophonemics;46
4.5.1;2.5.1 Reduplication;47
4.5.2;2.5.2 Loss of segments in connected speech;48
4.6;2.6 English loanwords;49
5;3 Grammatical overview;51
5.1;3.1 Morphosyntactic typology;51
5.2;3.2 Word classes;55
5.2.1;3.2.1 Nouns;55
5.2.2;3.2.2 Verbs;56
5.2.3;3.2.3 Closed classes: Pronouns, demonstratives, and directionals;57
5.2.3.1;3.2.3.1 Pronouns;58
5.2.3.2;3.2.3.2 Demonstratives;59
5.2.3.3;3.2.3.3 Directionals;60
5.2.4;3.2.4 Particles and clitics;60
6;4 Nouns;62
6.1;4.1 Common nouns;62
6.2;4.2 Kinship nouns;63
6.2.1;4.2.1 Single kin terms;64
6.2.2;4.2.2 Dyadic kin terms;67
6.2.3;4.2.3 Kinship morphology;68
6.3;4.3 Numerals and other quantity nouns;71
6.4;4.4 Nominal case-marking;74
6.4.1;4.4.1 Ergative -wanyi;76
6.4.2;4.4.2 Dative -nyi;80
6.4.3;4.4.3 Locative -(i)na;86
6.4.4;4.4.4 Allative -yurri;90
6.4.5;4.4.5 Ablative -nanyi;91
6.4.6;4.4.6 Translocative -yangka;92
6.5;4.5 Other mominal morphology;92
6.5.1;4.5.1 Yudi ‘with’;93
6.5.2;4.5.2 -Mirra ‘intensifier’;94
6.5.3;4.5.3 -Yurru ‘deceased’;95
6.6;4.6 Number marking for human referents;96
6.6.1;4.6.1 -Wuya ‘dual’;97
6.6.2;4.6.2 -Muku ‘plural’;97
6.7;4.7 Possession;99
7;5 Pronouns;102
7.1;5.1 Pronominal categories;102
7.2;5.2 Pronominal case marking;104
7.3;5.3 Variation in pronominal forms;107
7.3.1;5.3.1 Trisyllabic and disyllabic forms of pronouns;107
7.3.2;5.3.2 Reduction of first person singular pronouns;111
7.4;5.4 Compound pronouns;111
7.5;5.5 Reflexive/reciprocal pronouns;117
7.6;5.6 Co-occurrence of pronouns and nouns;121
7.7;5.7 Are Garrwa pronouns free, bound, or both?;126
8;6 Demonstratives, directionals, and interrogatives;132
8.1;6.1 Demonstratives;132
8.1.1;6.1.1 Absolutive;133
8.1.2;6.1.2 Demonstrative case marking;136
8.1.2.1;6.1.2.1 Ergative (-(ngi)ni);136
8.1.2.2;6.1.2.2 Dative (-n-kanyi);137
8.1.2.3;6.1.2.3 Locative (-nyina);138
8.1.2.4;6.1.2.4 Allative (-n-kurri);139
8.1.2.5;6.1.2.5 Ablative (-nbu-nanyi / -mu-nanyi);140
8.1.3;6.1.3 Adverbial demonstratives;141
8.1.3.1;6.1.3.1 Nayi-ba/ Nana-ba ‘deictic demonstrative’;141
8.1.3.2;6.1.3.2 Nana-wa/nayi-wa ‘directional demonstrative’;143
8.1.3.3;6.1.3.3 Nana-ma ‘identifiable’;144
8.1.3.4;6.1.3.4 Nani ‘like this/that’;146
8.2;6.2 Directionals;148
8.2.1;6.2.1 Compass directionals;148
8.2.2;6.2.2 Kingkarri ‘up’ and wayka ‘down’;154
8.2.3;6.2.3 Location adverbials;157
8.3;6.3 Interrogative words;161
8.3.1;6.3.1 Wanya ‘what/who’;161
8.3.2;6.3.2 Winjawa ‘where’;163
8.3.3;6.3.3 Yangka ‘which way’;164
8.4;6.4 Temporal orientation;166
8.4.1;6.4.1 Times of day;166
8.4.2;6.4.2 Relative time;168
8.4.2.1;6.4.2.1 Nanijba ‘right now’;168
8.4.2.2;6.4.2.2 Wabula and wankala ‘olden times’;169
8.4.2.3;6.4.2.3 Wujina ‘a while ago’;170
8.4.2.4;6.4.2.4 Wulani ‘day before’;170
8.4.2.5;6.4.2.5 Barrin ‘earlier today’;171
8.4.2.6;6.4.2.6 Munganawa ‘next day’;172
8.4.2.7;6.4.2.7 Baku ‘later’;172
8.4.2.8;6.4.2.8 Winyurru ‘soon’;173
9;7 Verbs;174
9.1;7.1 ‘Basic’ verbs;175
9.1.1;7.1.1 Conjugation class 1 (m-class);175
9.1.2;7.1.2 Conjugation class 2 (j-class);178
9.1.2.1;7.1.2.1 -Daba;181
9.1.3;7.1.3 Conjugation 3 (n-class);181
9.1.4;7.1.4 Origins and ongoing changes to the system;184
9.2;7.2 Verbs derived from other word-class roots;185
9.2.1;7.2.1 Class 1 derived verbs;186
9.2.1.1;7.2.1.1 Class 1 verbs derived from descriptive nominals;186
9.2.1.2;7.2.1.2 Class 1 verbs derived from locationals;187
9.2.1.3;7.2.1.3 Class 1 verb derived from interrogative;188
9.2.1.4;7.2.1.4 Class 1 verbs derived from substantive nouns;188
9.2.1.5;7.2.1.5 Class 1 verbs derived from kin terms;189
9.2.1.6;7.2.1.6 Class 1 verbs derived from class 3 verbs;190
9.2.2;7.2.2 Class 2 derived verbs;190
9.2.2.1;7.2.2.1 Class 2 verbs derived from descriptive nominals;191
9.2.2.2;7.2.2.2 Class 2 verbs derived from locationals and temporals;191
9.2.2.3;7.2.2.3 Class 2 verbs derived from substantive nominals;192
9.2.2.4;7.2.2.4 Class 2B derivations;193
9.2.3;7.2.3 Productivity of verb derivation;194
9.3;7.3 Augmented verb stems;195
9.3.1;7.3.1 -Rri- ‘cause state’;196
9.3.2;7.3.2 -Kunu- ‘cause motion’;197
9.3.3;7.3.3 -Ngu- ‘inchoative’;197
9.3.4;7.3.4 Reduplicated verb roots;198
9.4;7.4 Case frames and argument structure;202
9.5;7.5 Verb inflectional morphology;208
9.5.1;7.5.1 -Ji ‘purpose’;209
9.5.2;7.5.2 -Jiwa ‘subsequent’;210
9.5.3;7.5.3 -Kanyi ‘irrealis’;212
9.5.4;7.5.4 Switch reference: -Jina ‘same subject’ and -kurri ‘different subject’;214
9.6;7.6 Other verb morphology;217
9.6.1;7.6.1 -Wa “still”;217
9.6.2;7.6.2 -Warr ‘characteristic’;219
9.7;7.7 Aspectual adverbs;220
9.7.1;7.7.1 Bukamba ‘all’;220
9.7.2;7.7.2 Wananamba ‘distributed’;221
9.7.3;7.7.3 Yurrngumba ‘for good’;221
10;8 Clitics and particles;222
10.1;8.1 Clitics;222
10.1.1;8.1.1 Tense/aspect clitics (TA);222
10.1.1.1;8.1.1.1 =Yi ‘past’;222
10.1.1.2;8.1.1.2 =(Y)ili ‘habitual’;226
10.1.1.3;8.1.1.3 =(Ng)ka / =a ‘present’;232
10.1.1.4;8.1.1.4 =Ja= ‘future’;239
10.1.1.5;8.1.1.5 Durative aspect;243
10.1.2;8.1.2 Modal clitics;244
10.1.2.1;8.1.2.1 =Kiyi ‘imperative’;244
10.1.2.2;8.1.2.2 =Kiya ‘obligation’;247
10.1.2.3;8.1.2.3 =Nyi ‘hortative’;249
10.1.2.4;8.1.2.4 =Wali ‘evidential’;250
10.1.2.5;8.1.2.5 Kuna ‘question’;251
10.2;8.2 Modifying particles;252
10.2.1;8.2.1 Ngawamba ‘only, just’;252
10.2.2;8.2.2 Muningka ‘anyway, for no/some reason’;253
10.2.3;8.2.3 Jabarri ‘again’;254
10.2.4;8.2.4 Ngamungku ‘like’;255
10.2.5;8.2.5 Junu ‘perhaps’;256
10.3;8.3 Particles for clause combining;257
10.3.1;8.3.1 Baki ‘and’;257
10.3.2;8.3.2 Mada ‘also’;260
10.3.3;8.3.3 Ngala ‘contrast’;262
10.3.4;8.3.4 Jala ‘relative’;267
10.3.5;8.3.5 Minji ‘conditional’;270
11;9 Syntax;273
11.1;9.1 Nominal groups;273
11.1.1;9.1.1 Case marking in nominal groups;273
11.1.2;9.1.2 Ordering preferences in nominal groups;274
11.1.3;9.1.3 Discontinuous nominal groups;277
11.1.4;9.1.4 Restriction and elaboration of reference;278
11.2;9.2 Verbless sentences;280
11.3;9.3 Simple sentences;281
11.3.1;9.3.1 The clausal core;282
11.3.2;9.3.2 Status of second-position pronouns in the core;285
11.3.3;9.3.3 Ordering of arguments;286
11.3.4;9.3.4 Ordering of adjuncts;288
11.3.5;9.3.5 Increments;289
11.4;9.4 Non-canonical word orders;290
11.4.1;9.4.1 Grammatically determined non-canonical orders;290
11.4.2;9.4.2 Pragmatically determined non-canonical orders;292
11.5;9.5 Other sentence types;298
11.5.1;9.5.1 Negation;298
11.5.1.1;9.5.1.1 Miku=yaji ‘negative existential’;301
11.5.2;9.5.2 Questions;303
11.5.2.1;9.5.2.1 Non-initial question words;304
11.6;9.6 Complex sentences;306
11.6.1;9.6.1 Dependent (participial) clauses;306
11.6.1.1;9.6.1.1 Subject shared between main and dependent clause;308
11.6.1.2;9.6.1.2 Different subject between main and dependent clause;309
11.6.2;9.6.2 Other means of clause combining;312
11.6.3;9.6.3 Clause chains;314
12;10 Discourse phenomena;318
12.1;10.1 Information packaging and the marking of prominence;318
12.1.1;10.1.1 Prosody and word order;319
12.1.2;10.1.2 The ‘prior information’ particle barri;321
12.2;10.2 Discourse particles marking stance;327
12.2.1;10.2.1 Ngarri ‘tag’;327
12.2.2;10.2.2 Barriwa ‘finished’;330
12.2.3;10.2.3 Yu/miku ‘affirmation and negation’;334
12.2.4;10.2.4 Yuku ‘all right’;336
12.2.5;10.2.5 Mili ‘intensified;338
12.3;10.3 Summary;340
13;11 References;341
13.1;11.1 Published work on Garrwa;344
13.2;11.2 Unpublished work on Garrwa;345
14;12 Garrwa texts;346
14.1;12.1 Text 1: Bushtucker (Munjimunjinyi Wadan);346
14.2;12.2 Text 2: Early encounter with white people;354
14.3;12.3 Text 3: Father story;363
14.4;12.4 Text 4: Naniku Jangkurr (Nannygoat story: Station life personal history);382
14.5;12.5 Text 5: Two Brothers (traditional story - Wankala Jangkurr);402
14.6;12.6 Text 6: Yakal baki Nguwalili (traditional story: Moon and Curlew);410
14.7;12.7 Text 7 Mali Jangkurr (Flood Story - the 2001 flood);416
14.8;12.8 Text 8: Robinson River school office conversation (extracts);427
14.8.1;12.8.1 Extract 1;428
14.8.2;12.8.2 Extract 2;431
14.8.3;12.8.3 Extract 3;436
15;13 Word List;445
15.1;13.1 Garrwa-English;445
15.2;13.2 English-Garrwa;465
16;Affix index;487
17;Subject index;489

Über Autor(innen)

Mushin, Ilana
Ilana Mushin, University of Queensland, Australia.

Ilana Mushin, University of Queensland, Australia.