Nemeth Private Security and the Law

4. Auflage 2011
ISBN: 978-0-12-386923-4
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 640 Seiten

Private Security and the Law, Fourth Edition, is a unique resource that provides a comprehensive analysis of practices in the security industry as they relate to law, regulation, licensure, and constitutional questions of case and statutory authority. It is an authoritative, scholarly treatise that serves as a solid introduction for students regarding the legal and ethical standards that shape the industry. The book takes you step-by-step through the analysis of case law as it applies to situations commonly faced by security practitioners. It describes the legal requirements faced by security firms and emphasizes the liability problems common to security operations, including negligence and tortious liability, civil actions frequently litigated, and strategies to avoid legal actions that affect business efficiency. It also examines the constitutional and due-process dimensions of private security both domestically and internationally, including recent cases and trends that are likely to intensify in the future. New features of this edition include: a chapter on the legal implications of private contractors operating in war zones like Afghanistan; updated coverage of statutory authority, as well as state and federal processes of oversight and licensure; and special analysis of public-private cooperative relationships in law enforcement. A historical background helps readers understand the present by seeing the full context of recent developments. This book will appeal to: students in physical security, security management, and criminal justice programs in traditional and for-profit schools; security professionals; and those working in law enforcement. - Authoritative, scholarly treatise sheds light on this increasingly important area of the law - Historical background helps readers understand the present by seeing the full context of recent developments - National scope provides crucial parameters to security practitioners throughout the US - NEW TO THIS EDITION! A chapter on the legal implications of private contractors operating in war zones like Afghanistan, updated coverage of statutory authority, updated coverage of state and federal processes of oversight and licensure, special analysis of public-private cooperative relationships in law enforcement

Charles Nemeth, JD, Ph.D., LL.M. is currently a professor and the Chair of the Security, Fire and Emergency Management Department at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice in New York, NY. He is a widely published author with over 30 titles to his credit and is a regular consultant to security companies. He holds a JD from the University of Baltimore and a post doctoral degree in Law, Psychiatry and Criminology, the LL.M., from the National Law Center of George Washington University. Dr. Nemeth is a recognized expert in private sector justice, ethical issues in law and legal analysis and appellate practice, and also holds a Ph.D. in Philosophy from Duquesne University. For more than two decades, he has practiced law in both the civil and criminal arena, specializing in personal injury and criminal litigation, and has been active in the North Carolina, New York and Pennsylvania Bars. He regularly consults with collegiate institutions and private sector justice entities.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Nemeth, Charles

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Private Security and the Law;4
3;Copyright;5
4;Dedication;6
5;Table of Contents;8
6;Acknowledgments;12
7;Chapter 1: Historical Foundations of Private Security;14
7.1;Historical Foundations;16
7.1.1;The Middle Ages;16
7.1.2;Colonial America;18
7.1.3;Law Enforcement in the Industrial Revolution;19
7.2;Coming of Age: Private Security;21
7.2.1;Lack of an Effective Public Force;21
7.2.2;Movement of Goods and Services;21
7.2.3;The Pinkerton Factor: Industrialization and Unionization;22
7.2.4;Western U.S. Expansionism;24
7.3;Contemporary Private Security;25
7.4;Discussion Questions;29
7.5;Notes;29
7.6;Chapter 2: Regulation, Licensing, Education, and Training;34
7.6.1;Introduction: The Impetus for Increased Regulation;34
7.6.2;Federal Regulation;41
7.6.3;State Regulation;43
7.6.3.1;Age;45
7.6.3.2;Experience Requirements;45
7.6.3.2.1;Licensure;47
7.6.3.3;Personal Character;50
7.6.3.4;Education and Training;52
7.6.3.5;Professional and Continuing Education;64
7.6.3.6;Model Educational Programs: Curricula;66
7.6.4;Ethical Considerations;70
7.6.5;Summary;76
7.6.6;Discussion Questions;76
7.6.7;Notes;77
8;Chapter 3: The Law of Arrest, Search,and Seizure: Applications in the Private Sector;82
8.1;Introduction;82
8.2;Constitutional Framework of American Criminal Justice;84
8.3;Arrest and Private Sector Justice;85
8.3.1;The Law of Citizen’s Arrest: The Private Security Standard;86
8.3.1.1;Time of the Arrest;93
8.3.1.2;Presence and Commission;93
8.4;The Law of Search and Seizure: Private Police;99
8.5;Challenges to the Safe Harbor of Private Security;102
8.5.1;The Platinum Platter Doctrine;104
8.5.2;Private Action as State Action;105
8.5.3;The Public Function of Private Security;111
8.5.3.1;Color of State Law: A Legislative Remedy;116
8.6;Constitutional Prognosis for Private Security;119
8.7;Summary;121
8.8;Discussion Questions;122
8.9;Notes;123
9;Chapter 4: Civil Liability of Security Personnel;130
9.1;Introduction;130
9.2;The Nature of Civil Liability;134
9.3;Classification of Civil Wrongs/Torts;136
9.3.1;Intentional Torts;137
9.3.1.1;Assault;137
9.3.1.2;Battery;139
9.3.1.3;False Imprisonment;139
9.3.1.4;Infliction of Emotional or Mental Distress;146
9.3.1.5;Malicious Prosecution;147
9.3.1.6;Defamation;148
9.3.1.7;Invasion of Privacy;149
9.3.1.8;Negligence;155
9.3.1.8.1;Nature of duty;156
9.3.1.8.2;Duty and foreseeability;157
9.3.1.9;Negligence and Security Management;161
9.3.1.9.1;Personnel practices;161
9.3.1.9.2;Negligent retention;162
9.3.1.9.3;Negligent Assignment and Entrustment;163
9.3.1.9.4;Negligent Supervision;169
9.3.1.9.5;Negligent Training;169
9.3.2;Strict Liability Torts;171
9.3.3;Vicarious Liability;171
9.3.3.1;Miscellaneous Issues in Vicarious Liability;175
9.3.3.1.1;Nondelegable Duty;175
9.3.3.1.2;Principal's Liability for Punitive Damages;176
9.3.3.1.3;Contractual Limitations;176
9.4;Remedies under the Civil Rights Act: 42 U.S.C. 1983;177
9.4.1;``Private´´ Applications of §1983;179
9.4.2;State Regulations as Providing Color of State Law;183
9.4.2.1;The Public Function Theory;185
9.4.2.2;The Nexus Theory;186
9.4.2.3;Discussion Questions;193
9.5;Notes;194
9.6;Chapter 5: Criminal Liability of Security Personnel;204
9.6.1;Introduction: The Problem of Criminal Liability;204
9.6.1.1;Criminal Liability under the Federal Civil Rights Acts;205
9.6.1.2;Criminal Liability and the Regulatory Process;206
9.6.1.3;Criminal Acts;209
9.6.2;Defenses to Criminal Acts: Self-Help;213
9.6.2.1;Personal Self-Defense;214
9.6.2.1.1;Use of Force in Self-Protection;215
9.6.2.1.2;Protection of Other Persons;216
9.6.2.1.3;Defense of Property;218
9.6.2.2;Procedural Questions;220
9.6.2.2.1;Private Security and Miranda Warnings;221
9.6.3;Summary;225
9.6.4;Discussion Questions;226
9.6.5;Notes;226
9.7;Chapter 6: The Enforcement of Laws and the Collection, Preservation, and Interpretation of Evidence;232
9.7.1;Introduction: Private Security’s Role in Enforcing the Law;233
9.7.2;Defining Criminal Liability;233
9.7.2.1;The Criminal Act (Actus Reus);234
9.7.2.2;The Criminal Mind (Mens Rea);235
9.7.2.2.1;General Requirements of Culpability.;237
9.7.3;Classification of Criminal Offenses and Related Penalties;238
9.7.4;Specific Types of Crimes and Offenses;240
9.7.4.1;Offenses against the Person;240
9.7.4.1.1;Felonious Homicide;240
9.7.4.1.2;Murder;240
9.7.4.1.3;Manslaughter;241
9.7.4.1.4;Felony Murder Rule;242
9.7.4.1.5;Assault;243
9.7.4.1.6;Sexual Offenses;246
9.7.4.2;Offenses against the Habitation and Other Buildings;273
9.7.4.2.1;Arson;273
9.7.4.2.2;Burglary;274
9.7.4.2.3;Robbery;280
9.7.4.2.4;Theft or Larceny;280
9.7.4.2.4.1;Theft By Deception88/False Pretenses;283
9.7.4.2.4.2;Theft By Extortion;283
9.7.4.2.4.3;Theft Of Property Lost, Mislaid, or Delivered By Mistake93;285
9.7.4.2.4.4;Receiving Stolen Property94;285
9.7.4.2.4.5;Theft of Services95;285
9.7.4.2.4.6;Retail Theft96;285
9.7.4.2.4.7;Related Property Offenses: Fraudulent Behavior;287
9.7.4.2.5;Forgery;288
9.7.4.2.5.1;Simulating Objects of Antiquity or Rarity;289
9.7.4.2.5.2;Fraudulent Destruction, Removal, or Concealment of Recordable Instruments or Their Tampering;289
9.7.4.2.5.3;Bad Check and Credit Card Violations;289
9.7.4.2.6;Offenses against Public Order and Decency;290
9.7.4.2.6.1;Riot;291
9.7.4.2.6.2;Public Drunkenness;292
9.7.4.2.6.3;Other Public Order Provisions;292
9.7.5;Evidence and Proof;293
9.7.5.1;The Chain of Custody;293
9.7.5.2;The Admission of Business Records;295
9.7.5.3;Real and Demonstrative Evidence;296
9.7.5.4;Lay Witnesses;298
9.7.5.5;Expert Witnesses;299
9.7.5.6;Practical Exercise: Cross-Examination;301
9.7.5.7;A. Potpourri of Evidentiary Principles;301
9.7.5.7.1;Burden of Proof;301
9.7.5.7.2;Questions of Law Versus Questions of Fact;304
9.7.5.7.3;The Basic Types of Evidence;304
9.7.5.7.4;Three Forms of Evidence;304
9.7.6;Summary;305
9.7.7;Discussion Questions;305
9.7.8;Notes;306
10;Chapter 7: Public and Private Law Enforcement: A Blueprint for Cooperation;314
10.1;Introduction: The Relationship between the Public and Private Sectors;314
10.1.1;Public Interest versus Private Concerns;319
10.1.2;Moral or Egalitarian Purpose;320
10.1.3;A Caste System of Professionalism;321
10.1.4;A Failure to Communicate and Cooperate;323
10.2;Positive Programs on Interaction and Cooperation;327
10.2.1;College and Municipal Police Forces;329
10.2.2;Transit and Municipal Police Forces;332
10.2.3;Private Security Industry and Law Enforcement Agencies;334
10.3;Recommendations;337
10.3.1;National Advisory Committee on Criminal Justice;337
10.3.2;The Hallcrest Report;339
10.3.3;The Private Sector Office of the Department of Homeland Security;340
10.4;Summary;341
10.5;Discussion Questions;342
10.6;Notes;342
11;Chapter 8: Selected Case Readings;348
11.1;Introduction;348
11.2;Notes;494
12;§493.6100. Legislative Intent;498
13;§493.6101. Definitions;498
14;§493.6102. Inapplicability of this Chapter;500
15;§493.6103. Authority to Make Rules;501
16;§493.6104. Advisory Council;502
17;§493.6105. Initial Application for License;502
18;§493.6106. License Requirements; Posting;504
19;§493.6107. Fees;506
20;§493.6108. Investigation of Applicants by Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services;506
21;§493.6109. Reciprocity;507
22;§493.6110. Licensee's Insurance;507
23;§493.6111. License; Contents; Identification Card;508
24;§493.6112. Notification to Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services of Changes of Partner or Officer or Employees;509
25;§493.6113. Renewal Application for Licensure;509
26;§493.6114. Cancellation or Inactivation of License;510
27;§493.6115. Weapons and Firearms;510
28;§493.6116. Sponsorship of Interns;512
29;§493.6117. Division of Licensing Trust Fund;513
30;§493.6118. Grounds for Disciplinary Action;513
31;§493.6119. Divulging Investigative Information; False Reports Prohibited;517
32;§493.6120. Violations; Penalty;517
33;§493.6121. Enforcement; Investigation;518
34;§493.6122. Information About Licensees; Confidentiality;519
35;§493.6123. Publication to Industry;519
36;§493.6124. Use of State Seal; Prohibited;520
37;§493.6125. Maintenance of Information Concerning Administrative Complaints and Disciplinary Actions;520
38;§493.6126. Saving Clauses;520
39;§493.6201. Classes of Licenses;521
40;§493.6202. Fees;521
41;§493.6203. License Requirements;522
42;§493.6301. Classes of Licenses;523
43;§493.6302. Fees;524
44;§493.6303. License Requirements;525
45;§493.6304. Security Officer School or Training Facility;526
46;§493.6305. Uniforms, Required Wear; Exceptions;526
47;§493.6401. Classes of Licenses;526
48;§493.6402. Fees;527
49;§493.6403. License Requirements;527
50;§493.6404. Property Inventory; Vehicle License Identification Numbers;528
51;§493.6405. Sale of Motor Vehicle, Mobile Home, Motorboat, Aircraft, Personal Watercraft, All-Terrain Vehicles, Farm Equipment,;529
52;§493.6406. Repossession Services School or Training Facility;529
53;Appendix 2: List of Associations and Groups;532
54;Appendix 3: Sample Forms;540
55;Appendix 4: The Law Enforcement-Private Security Consortium, Operation Partnership: Trends and Practices in Law Enforcement and Private Security Collaborations 119-122 (2005);602
56;Index;608