Innervation of the Mammalian Esophagus

2006
ISBN: 978-3-540-29205-0
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Buch, Englisch, Band 185, 76 Seiten, Paperback, Format (B × H): 155 mm x 235 mm, Gewicht: 165 g

Reihe: Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology

The esophagus is a relatively simple though vital organ. Beyond its role of propelling food from the pharynx to the stomach by a propulsive contraction wave representing the esophageal phase of deglutition, it is more and more recognized as a sensory organ from which a variety of respiratory and cardiovascular reflexes can be triggered, thus cooperating with the larynx in protecting the lower airways from aspiration. In ruminants, there is additional antiperistalsis for regurgitation. During emesis, the esophagus is a merely passive conduit except for some antiperistalsis in its upper part. In the interval between swallows, both oral and aboral ends of the esophagus are tonically closed by the upper and lower esophageal sphincters, UES and LES respectively, while the tubular esophagus is flaccid and partly filled with air. Despite this apparent simplicity, neuronal control of esophageal functions is considerably complex.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Neuhuber, Winfried

Wörl, Jürgen

Raab, M.

Berthoud, Hans-Rudolf

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Tierkunde / Zoologie Wirbeltiere (Vertebrata) Säugetiere (Mammalia) Meeres- und Süßwassersäuger
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Tierkunde / Zoologie Tierphysiologie
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Tierkunde / Zoologie Wirbeltiere (Vertebrata) Säugetiere (Mammalia) Beuteltiere (Monotremen)
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Tierkunde / Zoologie Wirbeltiere (Vertebrata) Säugetiere (Mammalia) Primaten
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Medizin, Gesundheitswesen Biomedizin, Medizinische Forschung, Klinische Studien

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Introduction.- Muscle layers of the esophagus.- Materials and Methods. Anterograde WGA-HRP tracing from nodose ganglion. Anterograde DiI tracing from thoracic dorsal root ganglia.- Extrinsic innervation. Vagal innervation.- Spinal innervation. Innervation of esophageal sphincters. Swallowing central pattern generator. Cortical representation of the esophagus in human.- Intrinsic innervation. General organization. Enteric coinnervation.- Functional considerations. General remarks. Cooperation between extrinsic and intrinsic systems.- Concluding remarks.- Summary.- References.- Subject Index.