Partee Montague Grammar

1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-7769-1
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 386 Seiten, Web PDF

Montague Grammar is a collection of papers that discusses Richard Montague's work on the syntax and semantics of natural languages. The papers examine the applications of Montague's theory to problems of syntax and semantics, and compares Montague's approach to other theories of language. One paper describes the features in Montague's 'The Proper Treatment of Quantification in Ordinary English' (PTQ), namely, the grammatical categories and lexicon, the rules most similar to CF-rules, and the treatment of quantification. Another paper presents mechanisms to Montague's grammatical framework which will allow a variety of English constructions-especially those involving sentence embedding. The paper discusses syntactic rules, such as noun phrases, verb phrases, subject-predicate sentences, variable binding, abstracts, verbs taking infinitive complements, the copula, participles. One paper describes a fragment of English that is a variation and extension of the fragment presented in Montague. It also analyses adjectival phrases, three-place and other kinds of verbs, the passive voice, reflexive pronouns, and sentences using the dummy subject 'it.' Another paper proposes rules, syntactics, and semantics for use in nonrestrictive clauses in a Montague grammar. One paper analyzes factives, their semantic and syntactic properties using the work of Kiparsky and Kiparsky (1971). Montague's 'Universal Grammar' (UG) invokes expositions of Montague syntax, Cooper syntax, theorems on conversion process, semantic interpretation, semantic equivalence of the two systems, and interpretive semantics. The collection is intended for readers of Montague, as well as for linguists, philosophers, and students of language.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Partee, Barbara H

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Montague Grammar;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;8
5;Dedication;6
6;LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS;10
7;PREFACE;12
8;CHAPTER 1.
GENERAL SEMANTICS;18
8.1;I. INTRODUCTION;18
8.2;II. CATEGORIALLY BASED GRAMMARS;20
8.3;III. INTENSIONS FOR BASIC CATEGORIES;22
8.4;IV. INTENSIONS FOR DERIVED CATEGORIES;27
8.5;V. MEANINGS;31
8.6;VI. GRAMMARS RECONSTRUCTED;35
8.7;VII. TREATMENT OF QUANTIFICATION AND NOUN PHRASES;40
8.8;VIII. TREATMENT OF NON-DECLARATIVES;54
8.9;APPENDIX: INDICES EXPANDED;62
8.10;BIBLIOGRAPHY;66
8.11;REFERENCE;67
9;CHAPTER 2.
SOME TRANSFORMATIONAL EXTENSIONS OF MONTAGUE GRAMMAR;68
9.1;0. INTRODUCTION;68
9.2;1. MONTAGUE'S 'THE PROPER TREATMENT OF QUANTIFICATION IN ORDINARY ENGLISH;72
9.3;2. TRANSFORMATIONAL EXTENSIONS;80
9.4;BIBLIOGRAPHY;92
10;CHAPTER 3.
SOME EXTENSIONS OF MONTAGUE GRAMMAR;94
10.1;1. LANGUAGES IN GENERAL;94
10.2;2. CATEGORIAL STRUCTURE OF OUR FRAGMENT;95
10.3;3. SYNTACTIC RULES AND SYNTACTIC STRUCTURE IN GENERAL;97
10.4;4. SYNTACTIC RULES:
NOUN PHRASES;98
10.5;5. MORE SYNTACTIC
RULES: VERB PHRASES, SUBJECT–PREDICATE SENTENCES;101
10.6;6. MORE SYNTACTIC RULES: ABSTRACTS ANDRELATED PHRASES;106
10.7;7. SYNTACTIC RULES: VARIABLE BINDING;114
10.8;8. MORE SYNTACTIC RULES:
VERBS TAKING INFINITIVE COMPLEMENTS;119
10.9;9. MORE SYNTACTIC RULES: THE COPULA AND PARTICIPLES;121
10.10;10. SYNTACTIC RAISING VERSUS SEMANTIC LOWERING;126
10.11;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;134
10.12;REFERENCES;134
11;CHAPTER 4.
A VARIATION AND EXTENSION OF A MONTAGUE FRAGMENT OF ENGLISH;136
11.1;1. THE SYNTAX OF THE FRAGMENT;136
11.2;2. TRANSLATING THE FRAGMENT INTO INTENSIONAL LOGIC;146
11.3;3. DISPENSING WITH INDIVIDUAL CONCEPTS;153
11.4;4. THREE-PLACE AND OTHER KINDS OF VERBS;154
11.5;5. THE PASSIVE VOICE;158
11.6;6. THE DUMMY SUBJECT it;162
11.7;7. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS;163
11.8;8. there AND THE NEED FOR TRANSFORMATIONS;167
11.9;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;180
11.10;REFERENCES;180
12;CHAPTER 5.
SCOPE PHENOMENA, "MOVEMENT TRANSFORMATIONS," AND RELATIVE CLAUSES;182
12.1;1. INTRODUCTION;182
12.2;2. RULES OF FORMATION OF RESTRICTIVE RELATIVE CLAUSES;182
12.3;3. QUANTIFIER SCOPE;185
12.4;4. RELATIVIZING ELEMENTS OF RELATIVE CLAUSES;187
12.5;5. RELATIVIZING ELEMENTS OF COORDINATE STRUCTURES;188
12.6;6. SOME PROBLEMS;189
12.7;7. NONRESTRICTIVE RELATIVE CLAUSES;190
12.8;REFERENCES;192
13;CHAPTER 6.
FACTIVES AND PROPOSITION LEVEL CONSTRUCTIONS IN MONTAGUE GRAMMAR;194
13.1;1. THE KIPARSKYS ON FACTIVES;194
13.2;2. ACCOMMODATING FACTIVES IN PTQ;201
13.3;3. EXAMPLES AND REMARKS ON THE FRAGMENT;207
13.4;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;216
13.5;REFERENCES;216
14;CHAPTER 7.
MONTAGUE GRAMMAR AND THE LEXICAL DECOMPOSITION OF CAUSATIVE VERBS;218
14.1;1. INTRODUCTION;218
14.2;2. MCCAWLEY'S "PREDICATE-RAISING" TRANSFORMATION AND PREDICATE ABSTRACTION IN PTQ;221
14.3;3. THE LEXICAL DECOMPOSITION OF CAUSATIVES IN PTQ;224
14.4;4. THE ADVERB ARGUMENT FOR PREDICATE RAISING AS A SYNTACTIC RULE;230
14.5;5. THE ADVERB ARGUMENT AND THE FACTITIVE CONSTRUCTION;234
14.6;6. THE ADVERB ARGUMENT AND LEXICAL CAUSATIVES;244
14.7;7. SYNTACTIC RULES OR RULES OF DERIVATIONAL MORPHOLOGY?;251
14.8;8. CONCLUSION;259
14.9;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;260
14.10;REFERENCES;260
15;CHAPTER 8.
QUESTIONS IN MONTAGUE ENGLISH;264
15.1;1. RULES CORRESPONDING TO FUNCTIONAL APPLICATION;265
15.2;2. RULES OF QUANTIFICATION FOR FORMULAE;266
15.3;3. RULES OF QUANTIFICATION FOR COMMON NOUNS;267
15.4;4. RULE OF RELATIVE CLAUSES;268
15.5;5. RULE OF PREDICATIVE ADJECTIVES;268
15.6;6. SEMANTIC RULES FOR PARTICULAR ITEMS;268
15.7;7. MONTAGUE'S ENVISAGED EXTENSIONS;269
15.8;8. EXTENSION TO QUESTIONS;270
15.9;9. SYNTAX OF THE ANSWER-RELATION;275
15.10;BIBLIOGRAPHY;275
16;CHAPTER 9.
E SEMANTICS OF DEGREE;278
16.1;1. .,-CATEGORIAL
LANGUAGES;278
16.2;2. COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES;282
16.3;3. MASS NOUNS AND PLURALS;291
16.4;4. THE METAPHYSICAL REALITY OF DEGREES OF COMPARISON;297
16.5;5. THE SYNTAX OF COMPARATIVES;302
16.6;6. ODDS AND ENDS;306
16.7;REFERENCES;308
17;CHAPTER 10.
CAPTURING THE RUSSIAN ADJECTIVE;310
17.1;1. THE LONG/SHORT DISTINCTION IN RUSSIAN ADJECTIVES;311
17.2;2. SUMMARY OF THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN LONG-AND SHORT-FORM ADJECTIVES IN RUSSIAN;316
17.3;3. MONTAGUE ANALYSIS;316
17.4;4. A TRANSFORMATIONAL ANALYSIS;322
17.5;5. ALTERNATIVE ANALYSES;323
17.6;6. SUMMARY;325
17.7;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;326
17.8;REFERENCES;326
18;CHAPTER 11.
MONTAGUE GRAMMAR, GENERATIVE SEMANTICS, AND INTERPRETIVE SEMANTICS;328
18.1;INTRODUCTION;328
18.2;1. MONTAGUE SYNTAX AND COOPER SYNTAX;329
18.3;2. COMPARISON OF M SYNTAX AND C SYNTAX;339
18.4;3. MONTAGUE SEMANTICS AND COOPER SEMANTICS;346
18.5;4. THE SEMANTIC EQUIVALENCE OF M GRAMMAR AND C GRAMMAR;357
18.6;5. INTERPRETIVE GRAMMAR;359
18.7;6. REMAINING QUESTIONS;372
18.8;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;373
19;APPENDIX A: CYCLIC RULE APPLICATION;373
20;APPENDIX B : SIMPLIFIED FORMS OF TRANSFORMATIONS;375
21;APPENDIX C : TRANSFORMATIONAL NOTATION;377
22;REFERENCES;379
23;INDEX;380