Powell / Newman Vaccine Design

The Subunit and Adjuvant Approach
Erscheinungsjahr 2012
ISBN: 978-1-4615-1823-5
Verlag: Springer US
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 6, 949 Seiten, eBook

Reihe: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

When my interest was first drawn to the phenomenon of vaccination for virus diseases in the late 1930s, the state of the art and the science of vaccine design was not far advanced beyond the time of Jenner at the end of the 18th century and of Pasteur a century later. In the 1930s it was still believed that for the induction of immunity to a virus-caused disease the experience of infection was required, but not for a toxin-caused disease such as diphtheria or tetanus, for which a chemically detoxified antigen was effective for immu nization. This prompted the question as to whether it might be possible to produce a similar effect for virus diseases using nonreplicating antigens. When in the 1930s and 1940s it was found possible to propagate influenza viruses in the chick embryo, protective effects could be induced without the need to experience infection by the use of a sufficient dose of a noninfectious influenza virus preparation. Later in the 1940s, it became possible to propagate polio and other viruses in cultures of human and monkey tissue and to immunize against other virus diseases in the same way. Later, with the advent of the era of molecular biology and genetic engineering, antigens and vaccines could be produced in new and creative ways, using either replicating or nonreplicating forms of the appropriate antigens for inducing a dose-related protective state.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Powell, Michael F.

Newman, Mark J.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1 Immunological and Formulation Design Considerations for Subunit Vaccines.- 2 Public Health Implications of Emerging Vaccine Technologies.- 3 Preclinical Safety Assessment Considerations in Vaccine Development.- 4 Regulatory Considerations in Vaccine Design.- 5 Clinical Considerations in Vaccine Trials with Special Reference to Candidate HIV Vaccines.- 6 Laboratory Empiricism, Clinical Design, and Social Value: The Rough Road toward Vaccine Development.- 7 A Compendium of Vaccine Adjuvants and Excipients.- 8 Adjuvant Properties of Aluminum and Calcium Compounds.- 9 Structure and Properties of Aluminum-Containing Adjuvants.- 10 MF59: Design and Evaluation of a Safe and Potent Adjuvant for Human Vaccines.- 11 Development of Vaccines Based on Formulations Containing Nonionic Block Copolymers.- 12 Development of an Emulsion-Based Muramyl Dipeptide Adjuvant Formulation for Vaccines.- 13 Liposomal Presentation of Antigens for Human Vaccines.- 14 Liposome Design and Vaccine Development.- 15 Lipid Matrix-Based Vaccines for Mucosal and Systemic Immunization.- 16 Polymer Microspheres for Vaccine Delivery.- 17 Vehicles for Oral Immunization.- 18 Design and Production of Single-Immunization Vaccines Using Polylactide Polyglycolide Microsphere Systems.- 19 Nanoparticles as Adjuvants for Vaccines.- 20 Water-Soluble Phosphazene Polymers for Parenteral and Mucosal Vaccine Delivery.- 21 Monophosphoryl Lipid A as an Adjuvant: Past Experiences and New Directions.- 22 Structural and Immunological Characterization of the Vaccine Adjuvant QS-21.- 23 A Novel Generation of Viral Vaccines Based on the ISCOM Matrix.- 24 Vaccine Adjuvants Based on Gamma Inulin.- 25 A New Approach to Vaccine Adjuvants: Immunopotentiation by Intracellular T-Helper-Like Signals Transmitted by Loxoribine.- 26 Stearyl Tyrosine: An Organic Equivalent of Aluminum-Based Immunoadjuvants.- 27 Cytokines as Vaccine Adjuvants: Current Status and Potential Applications.- 28 Cytokines as Immunological Adjuvants.- 29 Cytokine-Containing Liposomes as Adjuvants for Subunit Vaccines.- 30 Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccines.- 31 Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines.- 32 Lyme Vaccine Enhancement: N-Terminal Acylation of a Protein Antigen and Inclusion of a Saponin Adjuvant.- 33 Vaccine Research and Development for the Prevention of Filarial Nematode Infections.- 34 Retrovirus and Retrotransposon Particles as Antigen Presentation and Delivery Systems.- 35 Rationale and Approaches to Constructing Preerythrocytic Malaria Vaccines.- 36 The MAP System: A Flexible and Unambiguous Vaccine Design of Branched Peptides.- 37 Design of Experimental Synthetic Peptide Immunogens for Prevention of HIV-1 and HTLV-I Retroviral Infections.- 38 Design and Testing of Peptide-Based Cytotoxic T-Cell-Mediated Immunotherapeutics to Treat Infectious Diseases and Cancer.- 39 Development of Active Specific Immunotherapeutic Agents Based on Cancer-Associated Mucins.- 40 Synthetic Peptide Vaccines for Schistosomiasis.- 41 Synthetic Hormone/Growth Factor Subunit Vaccine with Application to Antifertility and Cancer.