Tien Introduction to Cake Filtration

Analyses, Experiments and Applications
1. Auflage 2006
ISBN: 978-0-08-046159-5
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 293 Seiten

Introduction to Cake Filtration presents a comprehensive account of cake filtration studies including analyses of cake formation and growth, results of filtration experiments and data interpretation, measurements and determinations of filtercake properties, and incorporation of cake filtration theories to the analysis of several solid fluid separation processes. It aims at providing the necessary information to prepare people planning to undertake cake filtration work beyond the elementary level. In particular, it is hoped that this book will be helpful to individuals who are interested in cake filtration research and development quickly on track.
This volume on cake filtration consists of three main parts: analyses of cake formation and growth, filtration experiments and cake property measurements, and the incorporation of cake filtration theory to the analysis of fluid-particle separation process. It is intended to introduce engineers and engineering students to the subject opf cake filtration at an advanced level and to provide useful information to practicing engineers interested in the design and development of cake filtration systems.
· Provides a thorough survey of previous work on cake filtration analysis to gain a basic understanding of the current status of research
· Discusses in detail the methods used to determine filter cake properties to obtain practically useful information
· Contains outlines of several important but unsolved issues in cake filtration and solid-fluid separation

Autoren/Hrsg.

Tien, Chi

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front cover;1
2;Title page;4
3;Copyright page;5
4;Preface;8
5;Table of contents;10
6;1 Introduction;14
6.1;Cake Filtration as a Separation Process;15
6.2;Cake Filtration vs. Deep Bed Filtration;16
6.3;Cake Filtration vs. Cross-Flow Filtration;19
6.4;Filtration Cycle;21
6.5;References;23
7;Part I Analyses;24
7.1;2 The Conventional Theory of Cake Filtration;26
7.1.1;Basic Equations;28
7.1.2;Expressions of Cake Filtration Performance;33
7.1.3;Pressure, Compressive Stress, Solidosity Profiles, and Other Expressions;38
7.1.4;An Improved Procedure for Calculating Filtration Performance;40
7.1.5;Extensions of the Conventional Theory;44
7.1.5.1;Centrifugation;44
7.1.5.2;Expression of solid/liquid mixtures;49
7.1.5.3;Optimum operating pressure and the skin layer effect;52
7.1.6;References;57
7.1.7;Locations of Air/Liquid, Liquid/Suspension, Suspension/Cake Interfaces;58
7.1.8;Pressure and Compressive Stress Profiles in Centrifugal Filtration;60
7.1.9;A Procedure for Predicting Centrifugal Filtration Performance;62
7.2;3 Analysis of Cake Filtration: Solutions of the Volume-Averaged Continuity Equations;64
7.2.1;Formulation of the Governing Equations;67
7.2.2;Closing Relationships;72
7.2.3;Comparisons with Previous Studies;76
7.2.4;Numerical Analysis of Cake Filtration;79
7.2.5;Examples of Numerical Results;82
7.2.6;Sedimentation Effect;85
7.2.7;Effect of Fine Particle Retention;95
7.2.8;Batch Filtration/Consolidation;100
7.2.9;References;102
7.3;4 Cake Filtration as a Diffusion Process;104
7.3.1;Formulation of Cake Filtration as a Diffusion Problem;106
7.3.2;Material Domain and Initial and Boundary Conditions;108
7.3.3;Remarks Concerning the Solution of the Diffusion Equation;111
7.3.3.1;Constant pressure filtration of suspension of infinite volume;112
7.3.3.2;Constant pressure filtration of suspension of finite volume;117
7.3.4;Expression of Solid/Liquid Mixtures;122
7.3.4.1;Consolidation of solid/liquid mixture under constant pressure, po;124
7.3.4.2;Expression of dilute suspension of finite volume;125
7.3.5;References;128
7.4;5 Simulation of Cake Formation and Growth;130
7.4.1;General Considerations;133
7.4.2;Forces Acting on Particles;135
7.4.3;Stability Criteria;141
7.4.4;Results of Simulation Studies;144
7.4.4.1;Study by Hoflinger et al. (1994);144
7.4.4.2;Study by Jeon and Jung (2004);147
7.4.4.3;Study by Fu and Dempsey (1998);152
7.4.5;References;159
8;Part II Experiments and Measurements;162
8.1;6 Cake Filtration Experiments;164
8.1.1;Apparatus;165
8.1.2;Determination of Filtration Performance;171
8.1.2.1;Cumulative filtrate volume;171
8.1.2.2;Cake thickness;171
8.1.3;Measurement of Internal Cake Properties;180
8.1.4;Cake Filtration Results;182
8.1.4.1;Cake filtration performance;183
8.1.4.2;Parabolic behavior of constant-pressure filtration;187
8.1.4.3;Behavior of the initial period of filtration;191
8.1.4.4;Filter medium resistance;194
8.1.4.5;Comparison with theoretical predictions;197
8.1.5;References;202
8.2;7 Cake Property Measurements;204
8.2.1;Cake Solidosity, Cake Permeability and their Equivalents;206
8.2.2;Compression-Permeability (C-P) Cell and C-P Measurements;209
8.2.3;Determination of Cake Properties from Filtration Experimental Data;215
8.2.3.1;A general search-optimization procedure;215
8.2.3.2;Determination of ?s vs. ps from expression results;218
8.2.3.3;Determination of the average specific cake resistance based on the linear plot of t/V vs. V of constant-pressure filtration data;218
8.2.3.4;Determination of cake material functions from batch filtration data based on the diffusional theory;220
8.2.3.5;Determination of filtration diffusivity from constant-pressure filtration data;223
8.2.3.6;Determination of cake properties based on stepped pressure, filtration data;228
8.2.3.7;Determination of specific cake resistance based on instantaneous filtration rate data;230
8.2.3.8;Determination of cake properties based on local measurements;236
8.2.3.9;Comparisons;238
8.2.4;Cake Property Results and Correlations;238
8.2.5;Generalized Constitutive Relationship;241
8.2.6;References;247
9;Part III Application and Extension of Cake Filtration Theories;250
9.1;8 Incorporation of Cake Filtration Principles to the Analysis of Soild/Fluid Separation Processes;252
9.1.1;Analysis of Pulse Jet Fabric Filtration;254
9.1.1.1;Filter bag cleaning by pulse air jet;255
9.1.1.2;Individual bag performance;256
9.1.1.3;Multiple bag operation;259
9.1.2;Cross-Flow Membrane Filtration;261
9.1.2.1;Features of cross-flow membrane filtration;263
9.1.2.2;Particle depolarization;267
9.1.2.3;Estimation of the critical filtration velocity;273
9.1.2.4;Preferential deposition of finer particles;278
9.1.2.5;Cross-flow filtration performances;278
9.1.2.6;Application of Equation (8.2.5.7);282
9.1.2.7;Limitations of Equation (8.2.5.7);284
9.1.3;Dewatering and Filtration of Suspensions of Porous Entities;285
9.1.4;References;289
10;Index;290