E-Book, Englisch, 414 Seiten
Treidel / Martin-Bordes / Gurdak Climate Change Effects on Groundwater Resources
1. Auflage 2012
ISBN: 978-1-136-32335-5
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)
A Global Synthesis of Findings and Recommendations
E-Book, Englisch, 414 Seiten
Reihe: IAH - International Contributions to Hydrogeology
ISBN: 978-1-136-32335-5
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)
Climate change is expected to modify the hydrological cycle and affect freshwater resources. Groundwater is a critical source of fresh drinking water for almost half of the world’s population and it also supplies irrigated agriculture. Groundwater is also important in sustaining streams, lakes, wetlands, and associated ecosystems. But despite this, knowledge about the impact of climate change on groundwater quantity and quality is limited.
Direct impacts of climate change on natural processes (groundwater recharge, discharge, storage, saltwater intrusion, biogeochemical reactions, chemical fate and transport) may be exacerbated by human activities (indirect impacts). Increased groundwater abstraction, for example, may be needed in areas with unsustainable or contaminated surface water resources caused by droughts and floods. Climate change effects on groundwater resources are, therefore, closely linked to other global change drivers, including population growth, urbanization and land-use change, coupled with other socio-economic and political trends. Groundwater response to global changes is a complex function that depends on climate change and variability, topography, aquifer characteristics, vegetation dynamics, and human activities.
This volume contains case studies from diverse aquifer systems, scientific methods, and climatic settings that have been conducted globally under the framework of the UNESCO-IHP project Groundwater Resources Assessment under the Pressures of Humanity and Climate Change (GRAPHIC). This book presents a current and global synthesis of scientific findings and policy recommendations for scientists, water managers and policy makers towards adaptive management of groundwater sustainability under future climate change and variability.
Autoren/Hrsg.
Fachgebiete
Weitere Infos & Material
1 Introduction
1.1 Rationale
1.2 Overview of the book
References
Tropical Climates
2 The impacts of climate change and rapid development on weathered crystalline rock aquifer systems in the humid tropics of sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from south-western Uganda
Richard Taylor & Callist Tindimugaya
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Purpose and scope
2.1.2 Description of the study area: the River Mitano Basin
2.2 Results and discussion
2.2.1 Impacts of intensive groundwater abstraction
2.2.2 Impact of climate change on groundwater recharge
2.2.3 Uncertainty in climate change impacts on groundwater resources
2.3 Conclusions and recommendations
Acknowledgements
References
3 Groundwater recharge and storage variability in southern Mali
Chris M. Henry, Harm Demon, Diana M. Allen & Dirk Kirste
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Purpose and scope
3.1.2 Study area description: southern Mali
3.1.3 Methodology
3.1.4 Relevance for GRAPHIC
3.2 Results and discussion
3.2.1 Groundwater levels and storage anomalies
3.2.2 Recharge modelling
3.3 Policy recommendations
3.4 Future work
Acknowledgements
References
4 Groundwater discharge as affected by land use change in small catchments: A hydrologic and economic case study in Central Brazil
Henrique M.L. Chaves, Ana Paula S. Camelo & Rejane M. Mendes
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 Purpose and scope
4.1.2 Description of the area: the Pipiripau river basin
4.1.3 Relevance for GRAPHIC
4.2 Methodology
4.2.1 Correlating annual base flow discharge with basin land use intensity
4.2.2 Obtaining basin curve-number and base flow discharge from stream fl ow data
4.2.3 Empirical relationship between the base flow index and the normalized runoff coefficient
4.2.4 Estimating and valuing hydrological services resulting from land conservation scenarios
4.3 Results and discussion
4.3.1 Correlation between the dry season discharge and basin land use intensity
4.3.2 Base fl ow discharge hydrographs and basin curve-number (baseline condition)
4.3.3 Hydrological services resulting from land conservation scenarios
4.4 Policy recommendations
4.5 Future work
References
5 Effects of storm surges on groundwater resources, North Andros Island, Bahamas
John Bowleg & Diana M. Allen
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Purpose and scope
5.1.2 Study area description: North Andros Island
5.1.3 Methodology
5.1.4 Relevance for GRAPHIC
5.2 Results and discussion
5.2.1 The well fi eld on North Andros
5.2.2 Hurricane Frances
5.2.3 Consequences of the storm surge in 2004
5.3 Policy recommendations
5.4 Future work
Acknowledgements
References
6 Reducing groundwater vulnerability in Carbonate Island countries in the Pacific
Ian White & Tony Falkland
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 Purpose and scope
6.1.2 Study area description: Pacifi c Island countries
6.1.3 Methodology
6.1.4 Relevance for GRAPHIC
6.2 Results, discussion, and policy recommendations
6.2.1 Characteristics of fresh groundwater lens
6.2.2 Threats to fresh groundwater
6.2.3 Reducing the vulnerability of groundwater systems
6.3 Future work
Acknowledgements
References
Dry (Arid and Semiarid) Climates
7 Groundwater resources increase in the Iullemmeden Basin, West Africa
Guillaume Favreau, Yahaya Nazoumou, Marc Leblanc, Abdou Guéro & Ibrahim Baba Goni
7.1 Introduction
7.1.1 Purpose and scope
7.1.2 Description of the study area: the Iullemmeden Basin
7.1.3 Methodology
7.1.4 Relevance to GRAPHIC
7.2 Results and discussion
7.2.1 Land use and land cover change
7.2.2 Increased runoff and erosion
7.2.3 Long-term changes in the water table
7.2.4 Impacts of climate change and land use changes on groundwater resources
7.3 Policy-relevent Recommendations
7.4 Future work
Acknowledgements
References
8 Climate change and its impacts on groundwater resources in Morocco: the case of the Souss-Massa basin
Lhoussaine Bouchaou, Tarik Tagma, Said Boutaleb, Mohamed Hssaisoune & Zine El Abidine El Morjani
8.1 Introduction
8.1.1 Purpose and scope
8.1.2 Description of the study area: the Souss-Massa basin
8.1.3 Methodology
8.1.4 Relevance to GRAPHIC
8.2 Results and discussion
8.2.1 Rainfall variation
8.2.2 Temperature and heat waves
8.2.3 Impacts on groundwater level
8.2.4 Impacts on groundwater quality
8.3 Policy recommendations
8.4 Future work
Acknowledgements
References
9 Vulnerability of groundwater quality to human activity and climate change and variability, High Plains aquifer, USA
Jason J. Gurdak, Peter B. McMahon & Breton W. Bruce
9.1 Introduction
9.1.1 Purpose and scope
9.1.2 Study area description: High Plains aquifer
9.1.3 Methodology
9.1.4 Relevance for GRAPHIC
9.2 Results, discussion, and policy recommendations
9.2.1 Groundwater availability and sustainability are a function of quantity and quality
9.2.2 Conversion of rangeland to irrigated cropland affects water quality
9.2.3 Chemical transport to the water table follows fast and slow paths
9.2.4 The quality of shallow and deep groundwater are substantially different
9.2.5 Mixing of groundwater by high-capacity wells adversely affects water quality
9.2.6 Limited ability to naturally attenuate some contaminants
9.2.7 Interannual to multidecadal climate variability affects recharge and groundwater quality
9.2.8 The quality of most water produced by private, public-supply, and irrigation wells is suitable for the intended uses
9.3 Future work
9.4 Additional information
Acknowledgements
References
10 Groundwater change in the Murray basin from long-term in-situ monitoring and GRACE estimates
Marc Leblanc, Sarah Tweed, Guillaume Ramillien, Paul Tregoning, Frédéric Frappart, Adam Fakes & Ian Cartwright
10.1 Introduction
10.1.1 Purpose and scope
10.1.2 Study area description
10.1.3 Methodology
10.1.4 Relevance to GRAPHIC
10.2 Results and discussion
10.2.1 Long-term observations from in situ hydrographs
10.2.2 GRACE observations
10.2.3 Discussion
10.3 Policy-relevant recommendations
10.4 Future work
Acknowledgements
References
Temperate Climates
11 Impact assessment of combined climate and management scenarios on groundwater resources. The Inca-Sa Pobla hydrogeological unit (Majorca, Spain)
Lucila Candela, Wolf von Igel, F. Javier Elorza & Joaquín Jiménez-Martínez
11.1 Introduction
11.1.1 Description of the study area: the Inca-Sa Pobla hydrogeological unit
11.2 Methodology
11.2.1 Recharge estimation
11.2.2 Groundwater fl ow simulation model
11.2.3 Climate change scenarios. Statistical downscaling
11.2.4 Groundwater abstraction scenarios
11.2.5 Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis
11.2.6 Impact assessment by coupling climate and abstraction scenarios
11.3 Results and discussion
11.3.1 GCM and local predictions
11.3.2 Climate change impact on groundwater resources and natural recharge
11.3.3 Sensitivity analysis of water abstraction spatial location
11.3.4 Impact of combined climate change and management scenarios on spring flow rate
11.4 Conclusions and relevance for GRAPHIC
References
12 The effect of climate and anthropogenic sea level changes on Israeli coastal aquifers
Yoseph Yechieli, Uri Kafri & Eyal Shalev
12.1 Introduction
12.1.1 Description of the area: the Israeli Mediterranean and the Dead Sea coastal aquifer systems
12.1.2 Relevance for GRAPHIC
12.2 Methodology
12.2.1 Field studies
12.2.2 Numerical simulation of the Mediterranean coastal aquifer system
12.2.3 Numerical simulation of the Dead Sea aquifer system
12.3 Results and discussion
12.3.1 The Mediterranean coastal aquifer system
12.3.2 The Dead Sea coastal aquifer
12.4 Summary and conclusion
12.5 Policy recommendations
Acknowledgements
References
13 Land subsidence and sea-level rise threaten fresh water resources in the coastal groundwater system of the Rijnland water board, The Netherlands
Gualbert Oude Essink & Henk Kooi
13.1 Introduction
13.1.1 Relevance for GRAPHIC
13.1.2 Salinizing and freshening processes in Dutch coastal aquifers
13.1.3 Description of the area: the Rijnland Water Board
13.2 Description of the numerical method
13.2.1 Numerical code
13.2.2 Scenarios of sea-level rise and land subsidence
13.2.3 The 3D model
13.2.4 Calibration of the 3D model
13.3 Results and discussion
13.3.1 Salinization of the groundwater system
13.3.2 Compensating measures
13.4 Conclusions
References
14 Climate change impacts on valley-bottom aquifers in mountain regions: case studies from British Columbia, Canada
Diana M. Allen
14.1 Introduction
14.1.1 Purpose and scope
14.1.2 Study area description: valley- bottom aquifers in mountain regions
14.1.3 Methodology
14.1.4 Relevance for GRAPHIC
14.2. Results and discussion
14.2.1 Okanagan Basin
14.2.2 Grand Forks
14.3 Policy recommendations
14.4 Future work
Acknowledgements
References
15 Possible effects of climate change on groundwater resources in the central region of Santa Fe Province, Argentina
Ofelia Tujchneider, Marta Paris, Marcela Pérez & Mónica D’Elía
15.1 Introduction
15.1.1 Purpose
15.1.2 Description of the area: the central region of Santa Fe Province
15.1.3 Methods
15.1.4 Relevance for GRAPHIC
15.2 Results and discussion
15.3 Policy recommendations
15.4 Future work
Acknowledgements
References
Continental Climates
16 Impacts of drought on groundwater depletion in the Beijing Plain, China
Yangxiao Zhou, Liya Wang, Jiurong Liu & Chao Ye
16.1 Introduction
16.1.1 Purpose and scope
16.1.2 Description of the study area: the Beijing Plain
16.2 Results and discussion
16.2.1 Detection of climate changes
16.2.2 Analysis of rapid decline of groundwater levels
16.2.3 Simulation of groundwater depletion under recent droughts
16.2.4 Options for mitigating further groundwater depletion
16.3 Management issues
16.3.1 Legal aspects
16.3.2 Institutional aspects
16.3.3 A drought management plan
16.4 Conclusions and recommendations
Acknowledgements
References
17 Possible effects of climate change on hydrogeological systems: results from research on Esker aquifers in northern Finland
Bjørn Kløve, Pertti Ala-aho, Jarkko Okkonen & Pekka Rossi
17.1 Introduction
17.1.1 Study area description: esker aquifers, northern Finland
17.1.2 Importance of esker aquifers in climate change studies
17.2 Results and discussion
17.2.1 How should we assess climate change and land- use changes?
17.2.2 Models used and our experiences from modelling
17.2.3 Impact of future climate change on hydrology and recharge
17.2.4 Surface water- groundwater interaction in lakes
17.2.5 Impact of peatland drainage
17.3 Policy recommendations
17.4 Future work
Acknowledgements
References
Polar Climates
18 Impacts of climate change on groundwater in permafrost areas: case study from Svalbard, Norway
Sylvi Haldorsen, Michael Heim & Martine van der Ploeg
18.1 Introduction
18.1.1 Purpose and scope
18.1.2 Area description
18.1.3 Methodology
18.1.4 Relevance to GRAPHIC
18.2 Results and discussion: Subpermafrost groundwater
18.2.1 Discontinuous permafrost
18.2.2 Continuous permafrost, case study Svalbard: results and discussion of previous work
18.3 Policy- relevant recommendations
18.4 Future work
References
Various Climates
19 Groundwater management in Asian cities under the pressures of human impacts and climate change
Makoto Taniguchi
19.1 Introduction
19.1.1 Relevance for GRAPHIC
19.2 Results and discussion
19.2.1 Satellite GRACE
19.2.2 Subsurface warming
19.2.3 Groundwater assessment as natural capacity
19.3 Policy recommendations
19.4 Conclusion and future work
References
20 Evaluation of future climate change impacts on European groundwater resources
Kevin Hiscock, Robert Sparkes & Alan Hodgson
20.1 Introduction
20.1.1 Description of the areas: aquifer units in northern and southern Europe
20.2 Methodology
20.3 Results and discussion
20.4 Conclusions
20.5 Future work and relevance to GRAPHIC
Acknowledgements
References
21 Sustainable groundwater management for large aquifer systems: tracking depletion rates from space
Sean Swenson & James Famiglietti
21.1 Introduction
21.1.1 Purpose and Scope
21.1.2 Description of the study area
21.1.3 Relevance to GRAPHIC
21.2 Methods and Results
21.2.1 Ground- based well measurements
21.2.2 Hydrologic Modelling
21.2.3 The GRACE- based approach: case studies from the Central Valley of California (USA) and northern India
21.4. A framework for global groundwater monitoring
Acknowledgements
References
22 Major science findings, policy recommendations, and future work
22.1 Overview
22.2 Tropical climates
22.2.1 Science fi ndings
22.2.2 Policy recommendations
22.3 Dry (arid and semiarid) climates
22.3.1 Science fi ndings
22.3.2 Policy recommendations
22.4 Temperate climates
22.4.1 Science fi ndings
22.4.2 Policy recommendations
22.5 Continental climates
22.5.1 Science fi ndings
22.5.2 Policy recommendations
22.6 Polar climates
22.6.1 Science fi ndings
22.6.2 Policy recommendations
22.7 Various climates
22.7.1 Science fi ndings
22.7.2 Policy recommendations
22.8 Future work
References
Contributing authors and contact information
Subject index
