Upper / Cautela Covert Conditioning

Pergamon General Psychology Series, Volume 81
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-3682-0
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 412 Seiten, Web PDF

Covert Conditioning deals with covert conditioning procedures, the rationale underlying their use, and their potential application (either singly or in combination) to a variety of clinical problems. Each procedure's most representative use in clinical practice is described, and results of experimental analogue studies as well as reports of promising breakthroughs in the application of covert conditioning techniques to new clinical problems are discussed. A broad range of target behaviors, clinical settings, and client populations is also examined. This book is comprised of 36 chapters and opens with an overview of the theoretical background of covert conditioning and evidence to support its basic underlying assumptions. Each of the next six chapters introduces one of the major covert conditioning techniques (covert sensitization, covert reinforcement, covert negative reinforcement, covert extinction, covert modeling, and covert response cost) and presents experimental analogue evidence (if available) of its efficacy. The use of each procedure in treating a number of clinical target behaviors is also discussed. The final section describes the clinical application of combinations of covert conditioning techniques to a variety of problems. This monograph will be a useful resource for psychologists and behavioral therapists.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Upper, Dennis

Cautela, Joseph R.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Covert Conditioning;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;Preface;10
6;SECTION I: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND;12
6.1;Chapter 1. Covert Conditioning: Assumptions and Procedures;14
6.1.1;GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF ALL PROCEDURES;15
6.1.2;CURRENT TRENDS;23
6.1.3;REFERENCES;24
6.2;Chapter 2. Covert Conditioning: A Theoretical Analysis;28
6.2.1;RECENT HISTORY OF COVERT PROCESSES IN PSYCHOLOGY;28
6.2.2;CLASSIFICATION AND INVESTIGATION OF BEHAVIORAL PROCESSES;30
6.2.3;BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION AND PRIVATE EVENTS;31
6.2.4;COVERT CONDITIONING;31
6.2.5;PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES;34
6.2.6;BEHAVIORAL STUDIES;35
6.2.7;REFERENCES;38
7;SECTION II: COVERT SENSITIZATION;42
7.1;Chapter 3. Covert Sensitization;44
7.1.1;DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE;45
7.1.2;TREATMENT OF SPECIFIC MALADAPTIVE APPROACH RESPONSES;46
7.1.3;EXPERIMENTAL DATA;51
7.1.4;REFERENCES;53
7.2;Chapter 4. Experimental Control of Sexual Deviation Through Manipulation of the Noxious Scene in Covert Sensitization;54
7.2.1;METHOD;55
7.2.2;RESULTS;58
7.2.3;DISCUSSION;60
7.2.4;REFERENCES;61
7.3;Chapter 5. Treatment of Smoking by Covert Sensitization;63
7.3.1;DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE;64
7.3.2;RESULTS;66
7.3.3;REFERENCES;67
7.4;Chapter 6. The Treatment of a Nail-Biting Compulsion by Covert Sensitization in a Poorly Motivated Client;69
7.4.1;CASE HISTORY;70
7.4.2;TREATMENT;70
7.4.3;REFERENCES;72
7.5;Chapter 7. Covert Sensitization Treatment of Exhibitionism;74
7.5.1;CASE HISTORY;74
7.5.2;TREATMENT;75
7.5.3;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;76
7.5.4;REFERENCES;76
8;SECTION III: COVERT REINFORCEMENT;78
8.1;Chapter 8. Covert Reinforcement;80
8.1.1;GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF METHOD;82
8.1.2;THE USE OF COVERT REINFORCEMENT IN THE TREATMENT OF VARIOUS MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIORS;85
8.1.3;PARAMETERS OF COVERT REINFORCEMENT;90
8.1.4;COMPARISON OF COVERT REINFORCEMENT AND EMOTIVE IMAGERY;92
8.1.5;RESULTS OF COVERT REINFORCEMENT;93
8.1.6;REFERENCES;94
8.2;Chapter 9. A Laboratory Analogue of Two Covert Reinforcement Procedures;97
8.2.1;METHOD;99
8.2.2;RESULTS;102
8.2.3;DISCUSSION;104
8.2.4;REFERENCES;105
8.3;Chapter 10. Group Systematic Desensitization versus Covert Positive Reinforcement in the Reduction of Test Anxiety;108
8.3.1;METHOD;109
8.3.2;RESULTS;111
8.3.3;DISCUSSION;113
8.3.4;REFERENCES;115
8.4;Chapter 11. Treatment of a Rodent Phobia by Covert Reinforcement: A Single Subject Experiment;116
8.4.1;METHOD;117
8.4.2;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;119
8.4.3;REFERENCES;121
8.5;Chapter 12. Covert Reinforcement: Two Studies and a Comment;123
8.5.1;EXPERIMENT 1;124
8.5.2;EXPERIMENT 2;125
8.5.3;DISCUSSION;125
8.5.4;REFERENCES;126
8.6;Chapter 13. Covert Positive Reinforcement Studies: Review, Critique, and Guidelines;128
8.6.1;THE COVERT REINFORCEMENT PROCEDURE;129
8.6.2;COVERT REINFORCEMENT STUDIES;130
8.6.3;DISCUSSION OF COR STUDIES;135
8.6.4;SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH;139
8.6.5;REFERENCES;143
9;SECTION IV: COVERT NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT;146
9.1;Chapter 14. Covert Negative Reinforcement;148
9.1.1;DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCEDURE;149
9.1.2;DISCUSSION;152
9.1.3;SOME PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS;153
9.1.4;COMPARISON OF CNR AND THE CODITIONING OF "ANXIETY-RELIEF" RESPONSES;154
9.1.5;CONCLUSION;155
9.1.6;REFERENCES;155
9.2;Chapter 15. Covert Negative Reinforcement: An Experimental Test;157
9.2.1;METHOD;158
9.2.2;RESULTS;160
9.2.3;DISCUSSION;161
9.2.4;REFERENCES;162
9.3;Chapter 16. The Use of Imagery in the Modification of Attitudes Toward the Elderly: A Preliminary Report;164
9.3.1;INTRODUCTION;164
9.3.2;METHOD;166
9.3.3;RESULTS;167
9.3.4;CONCLUSIONS;167
9.3.5;SUMMARY;168
9.3.6;REFERENCES;169
10;SECTION V: COVERT EXTINCTION;172
10.1;Chapter 17. Covert Extinction;174
10.1.1;COVERT EXTINCTION (CE);175
10.1.2;LEARNING THEORY BASIS FOR CE PROCEDURE;178
10.1.3;PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN THE APPLICATION OF CE;179
10.1.4;CE COMBINED WITH OTHER PROCEDURES;180
10.1.5;DISCUSSION;181
10.1.6;REFERENCES;181
10.2;Chapter 18. An Experimental Study of Covert Extinction;184
10.2.1;METHOD;185
10.2.2;RESULTS;188
10.2.3;REFERENCES;192
10.3;Chapter 19. Covert Extinction of Amphetamine Addiction;193
10.3.1;FOUR CASE PRESENTATIONS;193
10.3.2;DISCUSSION;195
10.3.3;REFERENCES;195
11;SECTION VI: COVERT MODELING;198
11.1;Chapter 20. The Present Status of Covert Modeling;200
11.1.1;DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCEDURE;201
11.1.2;EXPERIMENTAL DATA;202
11.1.3;AREAS CALLING FOR RESEARCH;203
11.1.4;REFERENCES;204
11.2;Chapter 21. Covert Modeling: An Experimental Test;206
11.2.1;METHOD;207
11.2.2;PROCEDURE;207
11.2.3;RESULTS;210
11.2.4;DISCUSSION;213
11.2.5;REFERENCES;214
11.3;Chapter 22. Covert Modeling and the Reduction of Avoidance Behavior;216
11.3.1;METHOD;217
11.3.2;RESULTS;221
11.3.3;DISCUSSION;227
11.3.4;REFERENCES;228
11.4;Chapter 23. The Effects of Covert and Overt Modeling on Assertive Behavior;231
11.4.1;METHOD;233
11.4.2;RESULTS;235
11.4.3;DISCUSSION;239
11.4.4;REFERENCES;240
11.5;Chapter 24. Covert Modeling, Imagery Assessment, and Assertive Behavior;241
11.5.1;METHOD;243
11.5.2;RESULTS;247
11.5.3;DISCUSSION;254
11.5.4;REFERENCE NOTE;256
11.5.5;REFERENCES;256
11.6;Chapter 25. The Adaptation of Covert Modeling Procedures to the Treatment of Chronic Alcoholism and Obsessive-Compulsive Behavior: Two Case Reports;258
11.6.1;CASE 1;259
11.6.2;CASE 2;261
11.6.3;DISCUSSION;264
11.6.4;REFERENCE NOTE;264
11.6.5;REFERENCES;265
12;SECTION VII: COVERT RESPONSE COST;266
12.1;Chapter 26. Covert Response Cost;268
12.1.1;OVERT RESPONSE COST;270
12.1.2;WHY CRC?;271
12.1.3;DESCRIPTION OF CRC;271
12.1.4;TYPICAL EXAMPLES OF CRC;274
12.1.5;INDICATIONS OF EFFECTIVENESS OF CRC;275
12.1.6;FUTURE RESEARCH;275
12.1.7;CRC COMBINED WITH OTHER PROCEDURES;276
12.1.8;ADVANTAGES OF CRC AS COMPARED TO ORC;277
12.1.9;GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS;277
12.1.10;REFERENCE NOTES;278
12.1.11;REFERENCES;278
12.2;Chapter 27. Suppression of Specific Eating Behaviors by Covert Response Cost: An Experimental Analysis;281
12.2.1;METHOD;282
12.2.2;RESULTS;287
12.2.3;DISCUSSION;289
12.2.4;REFERENCES;290
13;SECTION VIII: CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF COMBINED COVERT CONDITIONING TECHNIQUES;292
13.1;Chapter 28. Multìfaceted Behavior Therapy of Self-Injurious Behavior;294
13.1.1;CASE HISTORY;295
13.1.2;PLANNING THE TREATMENT PROGRAM;297
13.1.3;TREATMENT;298
13.1.4;PHASE I;298
13.1.5;PHASE II;300
13.1.6;PHASE III;302
13.1.7;DISCUSSION;303
13.1.8;REFERENCES;303
13.2;Chapter 29. Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Behavior by Covert Sensitization and Covert Reinforcement: A Case Report;305
13.2.1;INTRODUCTION;305
13.2.2;CASE REPORT;306
13.2.3;TREATMENT;307
13.2.4;COVERT SENSITIZATION;308
13.2.5;COVERT REINFORCEMENT;309
13.2.6;DISCUSSION;311
13.2.7;RESULTS;312
13.2.8;REFERENCES;313
13.3;Chapter 30. Case Conference: A Transvestite Fantasy Treated by Thought-Stopping, Covert Sensitization and Aversive Shock;315
13.3.1;FIRST SESSION;316
13.3.2;THIRD SESSION;319
13.3.3;FOURTH SESSION;320
13.3.4;FIFTH SESSION;322
13.3.5;SIXTH SESSION;325
13.3.6;REFERENCES;325
13.4;Chapter 31. The Use of Covert Conditioning in the Treatment of Drug Abuse;326
13.4.1;REVIEW OF BEHAVIORAL APPROACHES TO DRUG ABUSE;327
13.4.2;THE USE OF COVERT CONDITIONING TO MODIFY ANTECEDENT CONDITIONS AND CONSEQUENCES;328
13.4.3;COVERT CONDITIONING IN TREATING DRUG ABUSE;332
13.4.4;DISCUSSION OF BEHAVIORAL APPROACHES TO DRUG TREATMENT;334
13.4.5;OUTLINE OF TREATMENT;342
13.4.6;REFERENCES;344
13.5;Chapter 32. Use of Covert Conditioning in the Behavioral Treatment of a Drug-Dependent College Dropout;348
13.5.1;CASE REPORT;348
13.5.2;METHOD;349
13.5.3;RESULTS;351
13.5.4;DISCUSSION;351
13.5.5;REFERENCES;353
13.6;Chapter 33. Sequential Phases of Covert Reinforcement and Covert Sensitizationin the Treatment of Homosexuality;355
13.6.1;TREATMENT PROCEDURES AND OUTCOME;356
13.6.2;DISCUSSION;358
13.6.3;REFERENCES;358
13.7;Chapter 34. The Treatment of Over-Eating by Covert Conditioning;359
13.7.1;DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE;360
13.7.2;RESULTS;365
13.7.3;PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN THE USE OF COVERT CONDITIONING;366
13.7.4;SUMMARY;367
13.7.5;REFERENCES;367
13.8;Chapter 35. Covert Conditioning in the Behavioral Treatment of an Agoraphobic;369
13.8.1;CASE REPORT;369
13.8.2;DISCUSSION;372
13.8.3;REFERENCES;374
13.9;Chapter 36. The Use of Covert Conditioning in Modifying Pain Behavior;376
13.9.1;THE CONCEPTUALIZATION OF PAIN;377
13.9.2;PROCEDURES TO MODIFY PAIN;377
13.9.3;CASE ILLUSTRATION;381
13.9.4;DISCUSSION;383
13.9.5;REFERENCE NOTE;384
13.9.6;REFERENCES;384
14;Name Index;386
15;Subject Index;392
16;About the Contributors;395
17;Pergamon General Psychology Series;400