Vyskocil / Vysko?il / Green Recent Crustal Movements, 1979

Proceedings of the IUGG Interdisciplinary Symposium No. 9, Recent Crustal Movements, Canberra, A.C.T., Australia, December 13-14, 1979
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4832-7543-7
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 366 Seiten, Web PDF

Developments in Geotectonics, 16: Recent Crustal Movements, 1979 covers the proceedings of the IUGG Interdisciplinary Symposium No. 9, ''Recent Crustal Movements'', held in Canberra, A.C.T., Australia on December 13-14, 1979. The book focuses on instruments and methods for the determination of crustal movements; methods of evaluating crustal movements; and interpretation of the crustal structure and crustal movements with the assistance of other geophysical data. The selection first offers information on the design and error characteristics of a fundamental global geodetic network; state and prospects of development of high-precision geodetic methods for studying crustal movements; and interferometric techniques for measuring horizontal earth crustal movements. The text then takes a look at the vertical crustal movements of the Carpatho-Balkan region and height changes and vertical crustal movements in Western German areas. Discussions focus on vertical movements map, instrumental improvements for the observation of vertical crustal movements, and map of height changes and vertical crustal movements. The text ponders on the episodic block motion and convergence along the Calaveras fault in central California and complete determination of local crustal deformation from geodetic observations. The selection is a valuable source of data for geologists and readers interested in crustal movements.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Vyskocil, P.

Vysko?il, P.

Green, Rylie

Mälzer, H.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Recent Crustal Movements, 1979;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;10
5;PREFACE;6
6;LIST OF AUTHORS;8
7;Part 1: Instruments and methods;12
7.1;CHAPTER 1. ON THE DESIGN AND ERROR CHARACTERISTICS OF A FUNDAMENTAL GLOBAL GEODETIC NETWORK;12
7.1.1;ABSTRACT;12
7.1.2;INTRODUCTION;12
7.1.3;PRESENT EFFORTS TOWARDS THE REALIZATION OF A TERRESTRIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM;18
7.1.4;A CONCEPT FOR THE REALIZATION OF A FUNDAMENTAL STATION — THE STATION WETTZELL;20
7.1.5;CONCLUDING REMARKS;22
7.2;CHAPTER 2. THE PRESENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-PRECISION GEODETIC METHODS FOR STUDYING RECENT CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS;24
7.2.1;ABSTRACT;24
7.2.2;INTRODUCTION;24
7.2.3;INSTRUMENTS FOR STUDYING HORIZONTAL RCMs WITHIN A RANGE OF 0.1–1 KM;26
7.2.4;RANGE OF 5 TO 300 KM;29
7.2.5;RANGE OF 1000 TO 9000 KM;30
7.2.6;PRECISE LEVELLING;31
7.2.7;CONCLUSIONS;34
7.2.8;REFERENCES;35
7.3;CHAPTER 3. NEW INTERFEROMETRIC TECHNIQUES FOR MEASURING HORIZONTAL EARTH CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS;38
7.3.1;ABSTRACT;38
7.4;CHAPTER 4. TWO-COLOR TERRAMETER;40
7.4.1;ABSTRACT;40
7.4.2;INTRODUCTION;40
7.4.3;THE TERRAMETER;42
7.4.4;APPLICATIONS;46
7.4.5;CONCLUSION;49
7.4.6;REFERENCES;49
8;Part 2: Recent crustal movements of tectonic or human origin;52
8.1;CHAPTER 5. RECENT VERTICAL CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS OF THE CARPATHO-BALKAN REGION;52
8.1.1;ABSTRACT;52
8.1.2;INTRODUCTION;53
8.1.3;THE ADJUSTMENT;56
8.1.4;THE CBR RECENT VERTICAL MOVEMENTS MAP;58
8.1.5;BRIEF INTERPRETATION OF THE RESULTS;60
8.1.6;REFERENCES;61
8.2;CHAPTER 6. HEIGHT CHANGES AND RECENT VERTICAL CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS IN WESTERN GERMAN AREAS - INSTRUMENTAL IMPROVEMENTS;64
8.2.1;ABSTRACT;64
8.2.2;THE MAP OF HEIGHT CHANGES AND RECENT VERTICAL CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS;64
8.2.3;INSTRUMENTAL IMPROVEMENTS FOR THE OBSERVATION OF RECENT VERTICAL CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS;70
8.2.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;73
8.2.5;REFERENCES;73
8.3;CHAPTER 7. SOME RESULTS CONCERNING CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS IN FINLAND;76
8.3.1;ABSTRACT;76
8.3.2;PRECISE LEVELLING;76
8.3.3;HIGH-PRECISION GRAVITY MEASUREMENTS;78
8.3.4;MEASUREMENTS WITH A LONG WATER-TUBE TILT METER;78
8.3.5;REFERENCES;82
8.4;CHAPTER 8. GEODETIC RESULTS IN AFAR: THE RIFTING EPISODE OF NOVEMBER 1978 IN THE ASAL-GHOUBBET RIFT;84
8.4.1;ABSTRACT;84
8.4.2;REFERENCES;84
8.5;CHAPTER 9. ON THE COMPILATION OF THE MAP OF CONTEMPORARY VERTICAL CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS IN CANADA;86
8.5.1;ABSTRACT;86
8.5.2;INTRODUCTION;86
8.5.3;TECHNIQUE USED;87
8.5.4;SOLUTION;89
8.5.5;THE MAP AND ITS ACCURACY;90
8.5.6;DISCUSSION OF RESULTS;93
8.5.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;96
8.5.8;REFERENCES;96
8.6;CHAPTER 10. EPISODIC BLOCK MOTION AND CONVERGENCE ALONG THE CALAVERAS FAULT IN CENTRAL CALIFORNIA;98
8.6.1;ABSTRACT;98
8.6.2;INTRODUCTION;98
8.6.3;THE RIGID-BLOCK HYPOTHESIS;100
8.6.4;CONCLUSIONS;104
8.6.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;105
8.6.6;REFERENCES;105
8.7;CHAPTER 11. CONTEMPORARY DOMING OF THE ADIRONDACK MOUNTAINS: FURTHER EVIDENCE FROM RELEVELING;106
8.7.1;ABSTRACT;106
8.7.2;REFERENCES;107
8.8;CHAPTER 12. BOREHOLE TILT MEASUREMENTS: APERIODIC CRUSTAL TILT IN AN ASEISMIC AREA;108
8.8.1;ABSTRACT;108
8.8.2;INTRODUCTION;108
8.8.3;EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES;110
8.8.4;DATA;112
8.8.5;ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION;114
8.8.6;DISCUSSION;118
8.8.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;119
8.8.8;REFERENCES;119
8.9;CHAPTER 13. COMPLETE DETERMINATION OF LOCAL CRUSTAL DEFORMATION FROM GEODETIC OBSERVATIONS;122
8.9.1;ABSTRACT;122
8.9.2;INTRODUCTION;122
8.9.3;GEODETIC DEFORMATION RATE PARAMETERS;124
8.9.4;OBSERVATION EQUATIONS IN TERMS OF THE GEODETIC DEFORMATION RATE PARAMETERS;128
8.9.5;DETERMINABILITY OF DEFORMATION RATE PARAMETERS;130
8.9.6;CONCLUSIONS;132
8.9.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;134
8.9.8;REFERENCES;134
8.10;CHAPTER 14. RECENT CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS IN SWITZERLAND AND THEIR GEOPHYSICAL INTERPRETATION;136
8.10.1;ABSTRACT;136
8.10.2;INTRODUCTION;136
8.10.3;VERTICAL MOVEMENTS FROM REPEATED PRECISE LEVELLINGS;137
8.10.4;BOUGUER GRAVITY MAP;145
8.10.5;CRUSTAL STRUCTURE AND ISOSTATIC ANOMALIES;155
8.10.6;CONCLUSIONS;157
8.10.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;159
8.10.8;REFERENCES;159
8.11;CHAPTER 15. VERTICAL CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS IN INDO-GANGETIC PLAINS OF NORTHERN INDIA AS DETERMINED FROM SCATTERED RELEVELLINGS;162
8.11.1;ABSTRACT;162
8.12;CHAPTER 16. STUDY OF CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS ACROSS SHALI THRUST IN THE AREA OF SHANAN (JOGINDER NAGAR) IN HIMACHAL PRADESH;163
8.12.1;ABSTRACT;163
8.13;CHAPTER 17. MONITORING REGIONAL CRUSTAL DEFORMATION WITH GEODETIC LEVELLING DATA;164
8.13.1;ABSTRACT;164
8.14;CHAPTER 18. TRENDS IN THE TILT OF QUTB MINAR;165
8.14.1;ABSTRACT;165
9;Part 3: Recent crustal movements, seismicity and volcanism;166
9.1;CHAPTER 19. STRESS PATTERN AND STRAIN RELEASE IN THE ALPINE FORELAND;166
9.1.1;ABSTRACT;166
9.1.2;REGIONAL STRESS FIELD;167
9.1.3;THE PATTERN OF STRAIN RELEASE;169
9.1.4;REFERENCES;179
9.2;CHAPTER 20. TECTONIC STRAIN AND DRIFT;182
9.2.1;ABSTRACT;182
9.2.2;INTRODUCTION;182
9.2.3;DISCUSSION;183
9.2.4;SUMMARY;195
9.2.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;196
9.2.6;REFERENCES;196
9.3;CHAPTER 21. INSTRUMENTAL NETWORKS FOR MONITORING SHORT-PERIOD TECTONIC MOTIONS IN SEISMIC ZONES;198
9.3.1;ABSTRACT;198
9.4;CHAPTER 22. INTERRELATION BETWEEN THE DISPLAY OF SLOW CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS AND SEISMICITY IN CENTRAL ASIA;200
9.4.1;ABSTRACT;200
9.5;CHAPTER 23. RECENT CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS AND INTRA-PLATE EARTHQUAKES IN INDIA;201
9.5.1;ABSTRACT;201
9.6;CHAPTER 24. SEISMICITY, CRUSTAL STRESSES AND RECENT CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS IN SWITZERLAND;202
9.6.1;ABSTRACT;202
9.7;CHAPTER 25. PLIO-PLEISTOCENE VOLCANO-TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF LA REFORMA CALDERA, BAJA CALIFORNIA, MEXICO;203
9.7.1;ABSTRACT;203
9.8;CHAPTER 26. SEISMICITY AND RECENT CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS IN FRANCE;204
9.8.1;ABSTRACT;204
9.8.2;INTRODUCTION;204
9.8.3;THE SEISMOTECTONIC MAP;206
9.8.4;REGIONAL EXAMPLES;213
9.8.5;CONCLUSIONS;223
9.8.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;223
9.8.7;REFERENCES;223
10;Part 4: Interpretation of recent crustal movements;226
10.1;CHAPTER 27. THE GEOTECTONIC STRESS FIELD AND CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS;226
10.1.1;ABSTRACT;226
10.1.2;INTRODUCTION;226
10.1.3;THE GLOBAL NEOTECTONIC STRESS FIELD;227
10.1.4;CRUSTAL DISPLACEMENTS;232
10.1.5;SYNTHESIS;234
10.1.6;REFERENCES;234
10.2;CHAPTER 28. GRAVITY AND HEIGHT VARIATIONS CONNECTED WITH THE CURRENT RIFTING EPISODE IN NORTHERN ICELAND;236
10.2.1;ABSTRACT;236
10.2.2;INTRODUCTION;236
10.2.3;GRAVITY AND HEIGHT MEASUREMENTS IN THE RIFTING ZONE;240
10.2.4;GRAVITY AND HEIGHT VARIATIONS BETWEEN 1975 AND 1979;243
10.2.5;THE GRAVITY-HEIGHT-VARIATION RATIO;246
10.2.6;CONCLUSIONS;247
10.2.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;248
10.2.8;REFERENCES;249
10.3;CHAPTER 29. CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS AND GEODYNAMICS IN FENNOSCANDIA;250
10.3.1;ABSTRACT;250
10.3.2;INTRODUCTION;250
10.3.3;THE DOUBLE POSTGLACIAL UPLIFT;251
10.3.4;UPLIFT AND PROPERTIES OF THE ASTHENOSPHERE AND LITHOSPHERE;252
10.3.5;THE PRESENT "LINEAR" UPLIFT;252
10.3.6;THE STABILITY OF THE GEODETIC REFERENCE LEVEL;253
10.3.7;LONG-TERM MOVEMENTS AND GEOMETRY OF DEFORMATIONS;255
10.3.8;NEOTECTONICS;255
10.3.9;CONCLUSION;258
10.3.10;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;258
10.3.11;REFERENCES;258
10.4;CHAPTER 30. BOUGUER ANOMALIES AND CRUSTAL STRUCTURE IN THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN;262
10.4.1;ABSTRACT;262
10.4.2;INTRODUCTION;262
10.4.3;PROCEDURE AND RESULTS;266
10.4.4;CONCLUSION;274
10.5;CHAPTER 31. BOUGUER GRAVITY MAP OF INDONESIA;276
10.5.1;ABSTRACT;276
10.5.2;INTRODUCTION;276
10.5.3;HISTORICAL BACKGROUND;276
10.5.4;SURVEY PROCEDURES;277
10.5.5;THE GRAVITY SURVEY;277
10.5.6;DATA REDUCTION;278
10.5.7;SMOOTHING AND CONTOURING THE GRAVITY ANOMALIES;280
10.5.8;RESULTS;280
10.5.9;CALIBRATION RANGE;280
10.5.10;INTERPRETATION;281
10.5.11;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;285
10.6;CHAPTER 32. A COMPARISON OF COMPUTATION METHODS FOR CRUSTAL STRAINS FROM GEODETIC MEASUREMENTS;290
10.6.1;ABSTRACT;290
10.6.2;1. INTRODUCTION;290
10.6.3;2. COMPUTATION METHODS;293
10.6.4;3. COMPARISON;297
10.6.5;4. COMPUTER SIMULATIONS;299
10.6.6;5. CONCLUSION;305
10.6.7;REFERENCES;306
10.7;CHAPTER 33. ON THE ORIGIN OF RECENT VERTICAL MOVEMENTS OF THE EAST ASIATIC CONTINENT ISLAND SYSTEMS;308
10.7.1;ABSTRACT;308
11;Part 5: Methods of evaluating recent crustal movements;310
11.1;CHAPTER 34. MULTIVARIATE HYPOTHESIS TESTS FOR DETECTING RECENT CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS;310
11.1.1;ABSTRACT;310
11.1.2;INTRODUCTION;310
11.1.3;MULTIVARIATE MODEL;311
11.1.4;HYPOTHESIS TESTING;315
11.1.5;SUCCESSIVE TEST PROCEDURE;317
11.1.6;EXAMPLE;318
11.1.7;CONCLUSION;321
11.1.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;322
11.1.9;REFERENCES;322
11.2;CHAPTER 35. MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATION OF NON-TECTONIC EFFECTS IN GEODETIC RECENT CRUSTAL MOVEMENT MODELS;324
11.2.1;ABSTRACT;324
11.2.2;INTRODUCTION;324
11.2.3;AN OPERATIONAL APPROACH FOR COMPUTING RECENT CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS;325
11.2.4;THE TREATMENT OF NON-GEODETIC DATA IN THE APPROACH;328
11.2.5;COMPUTATION EXAMPLE 1: REGIONAL AND LOCAL FEATURES OF VERTICAL MOTIONS IN WEST GERMANY;328
11.2.6;ANALYSIS OF THE RECENT VERTICAL CRUSTAL MOVEMENTS IN WEST GERMANY BY SURFACE DEFORMATION PARAMETERS;339
11.2.7;CONCLUSIONS;342
11.2.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;343
11.2.9;REFERENCES;343
11.3;CHAPTER 36. STATISTICAL TESTS FOR DETECTING MOVEMENTS IN REPEATEDLY MEASURED GEODETIC NETWORKS;344
11.3.1;ABSTRACT;344
11.3.2;1. INTRODUCTION;344
11.3.3;2. THE MODEL OF ADJUSTMENT;346
11.3.4;3. THE GLOBAL CONGRUENCY TEST;351
11.3.5;4. LOCALIZATION IN THE TIME DOMAIN;353
11.3.6;5. LOCALIZATION IN THE GEOMETRY DOMAIN;356
11.3.7;6. AN EXAMPLE;356
11.3.8;7. CONCLUSION;359
11.3.9;8. REFERENCES;359
11.4;CHAPTER 37. STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF RELEVELLINGS;362
11.4.1;ABSTRACT;362
11.5;CHAPTER 38. BEST INVARIANT COVARIANCE COMPONENT ESTIMATORS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO THE GENERALIZED MULTIVARIATE ADJUSTMENT OF HETEROGENEOUS DEFORMATION OBSERVATIONS;363
11.5.1;ABSTRACT;363
11.5.2;REFERENCES;364