Woldai Multi-Stage Flash Desalination

Modeling, Simulation, and Adaptive Control
Erscheinungsjahr 2015
ISBN: 978-1-4987-2170-7
Verlag: CRC Press
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 352 Seiten

Reihe: Engineering Systems and Sustainability

Explore a Viable Resource for Desalination

The world’s freshwater supplies are rapidly depleting and seawater is being positioned as a major feasible replacement in the search for a sustainable water source. Focused on large-scale multi-stage flash (MSF) seawater desalination plants, and based on research conducted on a real 18-stage plant, Multi-Stage Flash Desalination: Modeling, Simulation and Adaptive Control outlines the principles and processes of MSF desalination and highlights the state of the art in MSF desalination modeling, simulation, and control.

This book offers a brief overview of MSF plants, explains the importance of the various control systems for large MSF plants, and describes methods of mathematical modeling centered on physical phenomena in the MSF process. It introduces a developed dynamic model and illustrates the simulation of the model using an equation-based flowsheet simulation package (SPEEDUP) from AspenTech. It also presents a method for finding and using a non-parametric model in designing optimal PID control systems and recommends an adaptive scheme that maintains optimal plant operation over a range of operating conditions. The improvements suggested by the author for PID controllers are pervasive in desalination plants of high dimension and also relate to other process industries with comparable conditions. He also discusses the use of renewable energy sources for desalination and stresses the potential of solar energy in the Arab region, an area known for its aridity and scarcity of water.

The text:

- Details the dynamic model of the various elements in an MSF plant

- Considers the obtained model as well as available measurement data

- Presents a developed model for use in PID control

- Provides descriptions, listings, and additional reference material for further research

Multi-Stage Flash Desalination: Modeling, Simulation and Adaptive Control covers the processes of desalination and the operation and control of MSF plants for large-scale desalination and provides you with a greater understanding of dynamics, operation, and control.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Woldai, Abraha

Fachgebiete

• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Umwelttechnik
• Technische Wissenschaften Umwelttechnik | Umwelttechnologie Umwelttechnik
• Technische Wissenschaften Umwelttechnik | Umwelttechnologie Wasserversorgung, Wasseraufbereitung
• Technische Wissenschaften Energietechnik | Elektrotechnik Elektrotechnik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Introduction
Water and Life
Desalination of Seawater
Need for Desalination
Basic Principle of MSF Desalination
Energy Consumption and Environmental Impacts
Motivation and Aims of the Book
Organization of the Book
References
Operation and Control of Multi-Stage Flash Desalination Plants
MSF Desalination Process
MSF Desalination Plant Control Systems
State of the Art in MSF Desalination
References
Dynamic Model for an MSF Plant
Literature Review
Brine Heater Model
Stage Model
Interstage Flow
Control Loops
Conclusion
Appendix: Important Correlations
Nomenclature
References
Data Reconciliation and Model Validation with Experimental Data
Data Reconciliation
General Linear Static Data Reconciliation Problem
Validation of the MSF Process Model
Steady-State Simulation Results and Comparisons
Dynamic Simulation and Model Verification
Summary and Discussion
Appendix: Steady-State Performance of the MSF Plant under Different Operating Conditions
Reference
Analysis of the Dynamic Model for Control
Introduction
Selection of Sensors, Valves, and Controlled and Manipulated Variables
Model Linearization
Linearized Model of an MSF Plant
Control Structure
Remarks
References
Optimal Reduction of the MSF Plant Model to First or Second Order with Delay Forms
Model Reduction Methods
Method of Approach for Reduction to First or Second Order Plus Dead-Time Forms
The Case of an 18-Stage Multi-Stage Flash (MSF) Desalination Plant Model
Application of the Present Method
Discussion and Conclusion
Appendix
References
Optimal PID Controller Tuning in Large MSF Plants for Seawater Desalination
A Brief Review of the Existing PID Controller Tuning Methods
Proposed Method Using the Unreduced Model Step Response along with Several Integral Performance Criteria
Multiloop Optimization
Nomenclature
References
An Adaptive Scheme with Optimally Tuned PID Controller
Adaptive Tuning Techniques
Parameter Scheduling
Application of Artificial Neural Networks
Appendix: An Introductory Note on Neural Networks
References
Conclusions and Discussion
Conclusions
Suggested Directions for Further Work
Reference
Programs
SPEEDUP Package
Subroutines in FORTRAN
MATLAB® Programs
Glossary
Bibliography

Über Autor(innen)

Abraha Woldai received his PhD from the University of Bath, UK in 1997. From 1985 to 1999, he worked in the Water and Electricity Department, Government of Abu Dhabi, in various areas. From 1989 to 1999, he participated in the development of the modeling, simulation, and validation of data for MSF desalination plants on behalf of the Directorate of Power and Desalination Plants, Water and Electricity Department, Government of Abu Dhabi, and the International Foundation for Water Science and Technology in the field of desalination plant control. In addition, Dr. Woldai has authored/coauthored several research papers on power and desalination.