Three Hundred Years of Death

The Egyptian Funerary Industry in the Ptolemaic Period
Erscheinungsjahr 2020
ISBN: 978-90-04-40679-7
Verlag: Brill

Buch, Englisch, Band 110, 814 Seiten, Format (B × H): 155 mm x 235 mm, Gewicht: 1363 g

Reihe: Culture and History of the Ancient Near East

In Three Hundred Years of Death: The Egyptian Funerary Industry in the Ptolemaic Period, Maria Cannata provides a detailed survey of the organisation of the necropolises and the funerary workers, as well as their role in the practical aspects of the mummification, funeral, burial, and mortuary cult of the deceased, in Ptolemaic Egypt (332-30 BC). The author gathers together and synthesises hundreds of the original textual sources, as well as the relevant archaeological sources, on the organisation of the funerary industry and its practitioners, revealing important regional and chronological variations overlooked in studies focusing on a limited geographical area, a shorter timeframe, or a smaller group of documents.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Cannata, Maria

Fachgebiete

• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Alte Geschichte & Archäologie Altes Ägypten & Ägyptische Archäologie
• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Geschichtliche Themen Mentalitäts- und Sozialgeschichte

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Preface and Acknowledgments

List of Tables, Figures and Plates

Illustration Credits

Abbreviations

Outline of Egyptian Chronology

Introduction

1 Setting the Scene

2 Previous Scholarship on the Subject

3 Scope and Organisation of the Book

4 Notes on the Conventions and Abbreviations Used

Part 1 The Organisation of the Necropolis and its Funerary Priests

1 The Theban Necropolis

1 The Overseer of the Necropolis

2 The Lesonis

3 The Steward

4 Choachytes

5 Territorial Jurisdiction of the Choachytes

6 Embalmers

7 Territorial Jurisdiction of the Embalmers

8 Other Funerary Priests

2 The Edfu Necropolis

1 The Overseer of the Necropolis and the Lesonis

2 Choachytes and Lector-Priests

3 Territorial Jurisdiction of Edfu Necropolis Workers

3 The Memphite Necropolis

1 The Overseer of the Necropolis

2 God’s Seal-Bearers as Lector-Priests and Choachytes

3 Territorial Jurisdiction of the Memphite Funerary Priests

4 The Hawara Necropolis

1 The Overseer of the God’s Seal-Bearers and Embalmers

2 God’s Seal-Bearers (and) Embalmers as Lector-Priests and Choachytes

3 Other Funerary Priests

4 Territorial Jurisdiction of the Hawara Funerary Priests

5 The Organisation of the Hawara Necropolis

5 The Necropolises in Middle Egypt

1 The Head of the Necropolis

2 Lector-Priests and Embalmers

3 Man of the Necropolis

4 Seal-Bearer Who Attends the God

5 God’s Seal-Bearers

6 Necrotaphoi

7 Territorial Jurisdiction of the Funerary Priests in Middle Egypt

6 Female Funerary Priests

1 Choachytes

2 Embalmers

7 Services, Income and Taxation of Funerary Priests

1 Definition of the Services Performed by Funerary Priests

2 Different Types of Revenues

3 Income of Lector-Priests and Embalmers

4 Personal and Professional Taxation, Contributions and Exemptions

5 Other Economic Activities of the Funerary Priests

8 Priestly Associations

1 Association of Theban Choachytes

2 Association of Theban Lector Priests

3 Association of Memphite Mortuary Priests

4 Associations of Mortuary Priests in the Fayum

5 Associations of Mortuary Priests in Middle Egypt

9 The Funerary Priests and Their Social Context

1 Place of Residence of the Funerary Priests

2 The Funerary Priests and Their Families

Part 2 Death, Mummification and Burial

10 Death

1 The Mourning Period

2 Arranging for the Services of Funerary Priests

3 Transport of the Deceased to the Necropolis

11 Mummification

1 The Embalming Place: the pr-nfr and the w?b.t

2 Arranging for the Mummification of the Deceased

3 The Mummification Process: Stages, Rituals and Materials

4 Funerary Priests Involved in the Mummification Process

12 Burial

1 Role of the Funerary Priests Following the Mummification Process

2 Funeral and Burial

3 The Lexicology of the Entombment

4 Delayed Burial

5 Mortuary Cult

13 Funerary Expenses

1 Mummification Materials and Burial Equipment: Production, Acquisition and Provision

2 Provision of Mummification Materials and Burial Equipment

3 Burial Taxes

4 Cost and Payment of the ‘Mummification and Burial’

14 The Deceased

1 The Living and the Dead

2 Epithets of the Dead

3 Social Status and Ethnic Background of the Deceased

Part 3 Necropolises, Tombs and Burials

15 Necropolises

1 Location of Burial Grounds

2 Funerary Landscape: Topographical Textual Notes

3 God’s Acre: Possession, Taxation and Acquisition of Plots and Tombs

16 Tombs

1 The Lexicography of Tombs’ Typology

2 Tombs’ Typology: Textual and Archaeological Evidence

3 Building a New Tomb

4 Using an Existing Tomb

5 Collective Tombs

17 Burials

1 Select Survey of Inhumations’ Typology

Part 4 Discussion and Conclusion

18 Discussion and Conclusion

1 The Organisation of the Necropolis and its Funerary Priests

2 Death, Mummification and Burial

3 Necropolises, Tombs and Burials

Appendix 1: Palaeographical and Orthographical Analysis of the Root ?s

Appendix 2: P. Florence 3667 (111 BC)

Appendix 3: Tables

Bibliography

List of the Main Primary Sources Analysed (arranged by necropolis and category)

Bibliographical Details of the Primary Sources Cited (Arranged Alphabetically and by Museums’ Inventory Number)

List of Personal Names

List of Toponyms Mentioned

Select Index of Words

Plates

Über Autor(innen)

Maria Cannata, Ph.D. (2009), Oxford University, teaches Egyptology at Peking University. She has published many articles on the funerary sphere in the Graeco-Roman Period, including, most recently, From the Embalmers’ Cabinets of Curiosities and Titbits from Tatters: Papyrus Bodleian MS.Egypt.d.19(P).