Brain Machine Interfaces for Space Applications: enhancing astronaut capabilities

Erscheinungsjahr 2009
ISBN: 978-0-12-374821-8
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Technology

Buch, Englisch, 296 Seiten, Format (B × H): 150 mm x 229 mm, Gewicht: 600 g

Among the most interesting fields in research are the emerging possibilities to interface the human brain directly with machines, e.g. with computers and robotic interfaces. The European Space Agency's Advanced Concept team as a multidisciplinary team from engineering, artificial intelligence, and neural engineering has been working on the cutting edge of exploring brain machine interfaces for application in space as solutions to limitations astronauts face in space, and this book for the first time presents the state-of-the-art-cohesively.

Zielgruppe

Space Science; Neuroscience; Bioinformatics; Bioengineers; Robotics

Autoren/Hrsg.

Izzo, Dario

Rossini, Luca

Fachgebiete

• Geisteswissenschaften Design Interface Design, Interaktionsdesign, Application Design
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Klinische und Innere Medizin Neurologie, Klinische Neurowissenschaft
• Technische Wissenschaften Verkehrstechnik | Transportgewerbe Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik, Luftverkehr
• Technische Wissenschaften Sonstige Technologien | Angewandte Technik Astronautik
• Mathematik | Informatik EDV | Informatik Informatik Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion User Interface Design & Benutzerfreundlichkeit
• Technische Wissenschaften Sonstige Technologien | Angewandte Technik Medizintechnik, Biomedizintechnik
• Wirtschaftswissenschaften Wirtschaftssektoren & Branchen Fertigungsindustrie Luftfahrtindustrie
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Medizin, Gesundheitswesen Medizintechnik, Biomedizintechnik, Medizinische Werkstoffe

Inhaltsverzeichnis

CONTENTS

Contributors......................................................................... xi
Foreword ............................................................................... xv
Preface ................................................................................... xvii


SECTION ONE

HYBRID BIONIC SYSTEMS

EMGBased and GazeTrackingBased Man-Machine Interfaces

Federico Carpi and Danilo De Rossi

I. Introduction ........................................................................ 4


II. EMGBasedInterfaces............................................................. 5


III. GazeTrackingBasedInterfaces.................................................. 12


IV. FinalRemark ....................................................................... 19
References .......................................................................... 19


Bidirectional Interfaces with the Peripheral Nervous System

Silvestro Micera and Xavier Navarro

I. Introduction ........................................................................ 24


II. OrganizationandFunctionofthePNS ........................................ 25


III. Nerve Electrodes:TypesandApplications..................................... 28


IV. Stimulationand RecordingNeuralSignals .................................... 31


V. BiomedicalApplications.......................................................... 33
References .......................................................................... 35


Interfacing Insect Brain for Space Applications

Giovanni Di Pino, Tobias Seidl, Antonella Benvenuto,
Fabrizio Sergi, Domenico Campolo, Dino Accoto,
Paolo Maria Rossini, and Eugenio Guglielmelli


I. Introduction ........................................................................ 40


II. Interfaces............................................................................ 41


III. SensoryandMotorMapping..................................................... 44


IV. ProposingaModelofHybrid Control Architecture ......................... 45


v

vi CONTENTS

V. ConclusionsandOutlook......................................................... 46
References........................................................................... 47


SECTION TWO

MEET THE BRAIN

Meet the Brain: Neurophysiology

John Rothwell

I. Introduction......................................................................... 52


II. HowDoNeuronsTransmit Information?...................................... 53


III. Synapses ............................................................................. 55


IV. TheMotorAreasofthe CerebralCortex....................................... 57


V. PlasticityofPrimaryMotorCortex .............................................. 63


VI. Conclusions ......................................................................... 64
References........................................................................... 65


Fundamentals of Electroencefalography, Magnetoencefalography, and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Claudio Babiloni, Vittorio Pizzella, Cosimo del Gratta,
Antonio Ferretti, and Gian Luca Romani


I. Introduction to Electroencephalography andMagnetoencephalography ................................................... 68

II. Physiological GenerationofEEG/MEGSignals............................... 69


III. EEG and MEG Techniques Allow the Study of Brain Rhythms............. 73


IV. FunctionalMagneticResonanceImaging ...................................... 74


V. Physiological Generation of Blood Oxygen LevelDependent Signal ...... 75

VI. TypicalfMRIExperimentalDesigns.....