New Directions in Affective Disorders

ISBN: 978-0-387-96769-1
Verlag: Springer, Berlin

Buch, Englisch, 732 Seiten, Format (B × H): 162 mm x 243 mm, Gewicht: 1235 g

This book is presented as a 1989 update on the task set by Robert Burton in his "Anatomy ofMelancholy," published in 1621. Burton's treatise addressed ques tions regarding depression which are still highly relevant today: ". . . What is it, with all the kinds, causes, symptoms, prognostickes and several cures ofit. . . . " These remain the core issues in affective disorders notwithstanding the remarkable progress that has been made in addressing them. New Directions in Affective Disorders sets out to provide an overviewofwhat has been achieved with particular emphasison developing trends and novel initiatives in bothfundamental research and treatment. The overriding objective of the book is to integrate significant contributions from basic and clinical science into a comprehensive format which will be of value to both clinicians and researchers. Intensive interest in affective illness isan inevitableconsequenceofthe frequency with which these disorders occur. Depression is the most common psychiatric condition, affecting as many as 50%ofpeople in Western countries at some time in their lives. National Institute ofMental Health Statistics estimate that 15% of adults between 18 and 74 years ofage may be suffering from serious depressive disorders in any given year. Depression is a serious condition with a high mortality. A suicide rate ofapproximately 20,000 deaths per year as a result of this illness is almost certainly a conservative estimate.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Lerer, Bernard

Gershon, Samuel

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Contributors.- I Pathogenesis of Affective Disorders and Basic Mechanisms of Drug Action.- I.A. Animal Models and Antidepressant Predictability.- 1 Neurochemical and Behavioral Effects of Stress: A Rat Model of Depression.- 2 Study of Olfactory Bulbectomized Rats: Revelations About Major Depressive Disorder.- 3 Bilaterally Olfactory Bulbectomized Rat Model of Depression.- 4 Behavioral Despair: Past and Future.- 5 Genetically Nervous and Normal Pointer Dogs: Relation Between Hearing and Behavioral Abnormalities.- 6 Agonist-Induced Down-Regulation of ?1-Adrenergic Receptors: Possible Biochemical Rationale for Novel Antidepressants.- 7 Behavioral Pharmacology and Clinical Antidepressant Effects of ?-Adrenergic Agonists.- I.B. Monoamines and Neuropeptides.- 8 Beyond Nosology in Biological Psychiatry: Prolegomena of a Functional Psychopathology.- 9 Serotonergic Aspects of Agonistic Behavior.- 10 Noradrenergic and Serotonergic Dysfunction in the Affective Disorders.- 11 Neuropeptides and Affective Disorders.- 12 Antemortem and Postmortem Measures of Central Nervous System Serotonergic Function: Methodological Issues.- 13 Postmortem Investigation of Serotonergic and Peptidergic Hypotheses of Affective Illness.- I.C. Cholinergic Mechanisms.- 14 Genetic Animal Model of Depression with Cholinergic Supersensitivity.- 15 Impact of the Cholinergic System on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary- Adrenocortical Axis and on REM Sleep.- 16 Relation Between m-Cholinoceptor Density on Human Blood Cells and Psychological Predisposition Factors for Depression.- 17 Differential Effects of Physostigmine in Alcoholics, Alcoholics with Affective Disorder, and Normal Individuals.- I.D. Basic Mechanisms of Antidepressants and Anxiolytics.- 18 Serotonin/Norepinephrine/Steroid Receptor Link in Brain and the Mode of Action of Antidepressants: Update and New Perspectives.- 19 Presynaptic Sites of Antidepressant Action: Monoamine Transport Systems and Release-Modulating Autoreceptors.- 20 Light-Dark-Related Changes in the Serotonin Uptake Molecular Complex in Rat Brain: Involvement in Antidepressant Action.- 21 Role of Serotonin (and Coexisting Peptides) in the Action Mechanism of Antidepressant Drugs.- 22 GABAB Receptors and Antidepressant Drugs.- 23 Antidepressants and Phospholipid Metabolism: ?-Adrenoceptor Regulation in Cultured Human Cells.- 24 Nicotinic Effects of Antidepressants.- 25 Molecular Sites of Anxiolytic Action.- 26 Modulation of the Benzodiazepine/GABA Receptor Chloride Ionophore Complex: Evidence for an Asymmetrical Response of GABA-Gated Chloride Channels to Stress.- I.E. Basic Mechanisms of Lithium Action.- 27 Lithium Inhibition of Adenylate Cyclase Activity: Site of Action and Interaction with Divalent Cations.- 28 Comparison of the Effects of Lithium and Antidepressant Drugs on Second Messenger Systems in Rat Brain.- 29 Effects of Lithium Ions on the Metabolism of Phosphoinositides.- 30 Comparison of Theories of Lithium Action Based on Phosphatidylinositol Metabolism with Theories Based on Cyclic AMP.- 31 Serotonin and Catecholamines in Lithium Treatment.- 32 Lithium and Calcium Antagonists: Do They Act on One Neuronal Function?.- 33 Red Blood Cell Lithium Transport in Affective Illness: A Possible Mechanism of Action of Lithium.- I.F. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors.- 34 Selective Localization and Selective Inhibition of Monoamine Oxidase in Human Brain.- 35 Effect of Selective Monoamine Oxidase Substrates and Inhibitors on Lipid Peroxidation and Their Possible Involvement in Affective Disorders.- 36 Pharmacology of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors.- 37 Regulation of Functional Cytoplasmic Pool of Serotonin by MAO-A and MAO-B: Implications for Antidepressant Therapy.- 38 Neurochemical Profile of the Antidepressant Moclobemide, a Reversible Type A Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor with Minimal Tyramine Potentiating Activity in Rats.- II Neurobiology of Affective Disorders.- II. A. New Genetic Findings.- 39 Power of Genetic Linkage Studies for Heterogeneou