Bachman / Schutt Fundamentals of Research in Criminology and Criminal Justice

5. Fifth Auflage 2019
ISBN: 978-1-5443-7404-8
Verlag: SAGE Publications
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 368 Seiten, EPUB

The authors are proud sponsors of the 2020 SAGE Keith Roberts Teaching Innovations Award—enabling graduate students and early career faculty to attend the annual ASA pre-conference teaching and learning workshop.
Fundamentals of Research in Criminology and Criminal Justice introduces students to the multifaceted subject of research methods and shows them why research is important in the field. This brief version of Ronet D. Bachman and Russell K. Schutt’s best-selling
The Practice of Research in Criminology and Criminal Justice simplifies complex concepts with real-world research examples found in everyday experiences in the criminology and criminal justice professions. The thoroughly revised
Fifth Edition retains its celebrated strengths while breaking new ground with coverage of recently popular research methods and contemporary research findings.

 


Included with this title:


The password-protected Instructor Resource Site (formally known as SAGE Edge) offers access to all text-specific resources, including a test bank and editable, chapter-specific PowerPoint® slides.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Bachman, Ronet D.

Schutt, Russell K.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Preface

Acknowledgments

About the Authors

CHAPTER 1 • Science, Society, and Research Related to Criminal Justice and Criminology

What Do We Have in Mind?

Reasoning About the Social World

How the Scientific Approach Is Different

Alternative Research Orientations

Quantitative and Qualitative Methods

Highlighting a Few Specific Types of Research Methods

Strengths and Limitations of Social Research

A Comment on Research in a Diverse Society

Conclusion

Key Terms

Highlights

Exercises

CHAPTER 2 • The Process and Problems of Research Related to Crime and Criminology

What Do We Have in Mind?

Identifying a Research Question

The Role of Theory

Social Research Strategies

Research Standards

Conclusion

Key Terms

Highlights

Exercises

CHAPTER 3 • Ethical Guidelines for Research

What Do We Have in Mind?

Historical Background

Ethical Principles

More on the Institutional Review Board (IRB)

Research Involving Special Populations: Children and Prisoners

Conclusion

Key Terms

Highlights

Exercises

CHAPTER 4 • Conceptualization and Measurement

What Do We Have in Mind?

Concepts

From Concepts to Variables: Measurement Operations

How Will We Know When We’ve Found It?

How Much Information Do We Really Have?

Did We Measure What We Wanted to Measure?

A Comment on Measurement in a Diverse Society

Conclusion

Key Terms

Highlights

Exercises

CHAPTER 5 • Sampling

What Do We Have in Mind?

Sample Planning

Sampling Methods

Units of Analysis and Errors in Causal Reasoning

Conclusion

Key Terms

Highlights

Exercises

CHAPTER 6 • Causation and Experimentation

What Do We Mean by Causation?

Causal Explanations

Criteria for Nomothetic Causal Explanations

Why Experiment?

What If a True Experiment Isn’t Possible?

What Are the Threats to Internal Validity and Generalizability in Experiments?

The Element of Time in Research

Causality in Nonexperimental Designs

How Do Experimenters Protect Their Subjects?

Conclusion

Key Terms

Highlights

Exercises

CHAPTER 7 • Survey Research

Survey Research in Action: Measuring Victimization

What Is a Survey?

Questionnaire Development and Assessment

Writing Survey Questions: More Difficult Than You Think!

Organization Matters

Survey Designs

Ethical Issues in Survey Research

Conclusion

Key Terms

Highlights

Exercises

CHAPTER 8 • Qualitative Methods and Data Analysis

What Do We Mean by Qualitative Methods?

Fundamentals of Qualitative Methods

Participant Observation

Systematic Observation

Intensive Interviewing

Focus Groups

Analyzing Qualitative Data

Techniques of Qualitative Data Analysis

Alternatives in Qualitative Data Analysis

Ethical Issues in Qualitative Research

Who Owns the Qualitative Data?

Conclusion

Key Terms

Highlights

Exercises

CHAPTER 9 • Analyzing Content and Police Data: Social-Network Analysis, Crime Mapping, Big Data, and Content Analysis

What Do We Have in Mind?

Analyzing Secondary Data

Social-Network Analysis

Crime Mapping

Big Data

Ethical Issues in Using Big Data

Content Analysis

Methodological Issues When Using Secondary Data

Ethical Issues When Analyzing Available Data and Content

Conclusion

Key Terms

Highlights

Exercises

CHAPTER 10 • Evaluation and Policy Analysis

What Do We Have in Mind?

A Brief History of Evaluation Research

Evaluation Basics

Questions for Evaluation Research

Design Decisions

Evaluation in Action

Strengths of Randomized Experimental Designs in Impact Evaluations

When Experiments Are Not Feasible

Qualitative and Quantitative Methods

Increasing Demand for Evidence-Based Policy

Ethics in Evaluation

Conclusion

Key Terms

Highlights

Exercises

CHAPTER 11 • Mixing and Comparing Methods

What Do We Have in Mind?

What Are Mixed Methods?

Types of Mixed-Methods Designs

Strengths and Limitations of Mixed Methods

Comparing Results Across Studies

Ethics and Mixed Methods

Conclusion

Key Terms

Highlights

Exercises

CHAPTER 12 • Summarizing and Reporting Research

What Do We Have in Mind?

Research Report Goals

Types of Research Reports

Curbing the Frustrations of Writing

Displaying Data

Special Considerations for Reporting Quantitative and Qualitative Research

Ethics, Politics, and Reporting Research

Communicating With the Public

Plagiarism

Conclusion

Key Terms

Highlights

Exercises

Appendix A. Conducting Literature Reviews and Finding Information

Appendix B. How to Read a Research Article

Appendix C. How to Use a Statistical Package: SPSS

Appendix D. How to Use a Qualitative Analysis Package

Appendix E. How to Use a Data Spreadsheet: Excel

Appendix F. Quantitative Data Analysis

Appendix G. Data Sets

Glossary

References

Index

Über Autor(innen)

Schutt, Russell K.

Russell K. Schutt, PhD, is professor emeritus of sociology at the University of Massachusetts Boston, where he received the 2007 Chancellor’s Award for Distinguished Service and taught from 1979 to 2022. He is also a Clinical Research Scientist I at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and a Lecturer (part-time) in the Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School. He completed his BA, MA, and PhD degrees at the University of Illinois at Chicago and was a postdoctoral fellow in the Sociology of Social Control Training Program at Yale University (where he met Dan). In addition to ten editions of Investigating the Social World: The Process and Practice of Research and one of Understanding the Social World, as well as coauthored versions for the fields of social work, criminal justice, psychology, and education, his other books include Homelessness, Housing, and Mental Illness (2011), Social Neuroscience: Brain, Mind, and Society (coedited, 2015), and Organization in a Changing Environment (1986). He has authored and coauthored more than 65 peer reviewed journal articles, as well as book chapters and research reports on homelessness, mental health, organizations, law, and teaching research methods. His currently a Dual Principal Investigator (with Matcheri Keshavan, MD) in randomized comparative effectiveness trial of two socially-oriented interventions to improve community functioning among persons diagnosed with serious mental illness, funded by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). His other recently concluded research includes co-principal investigator on a National Science Foundation-funded study of the social impact of the pandemic in Boston, and co-investigator on a Veterans Health Administration-funded study of peer support.  His earlier research has been funded by the National Cancer Institute, the Veterans Health Administration, the National Institute of Mental Health, the Fetzer Institute, and state agencies. Details are available at https://blogs.umb.edu/russellkschutt/.

Bachman, Ronet D.

Ronet D. Bachman, PhD, worked as a statistician at the Bureau of Justice Statistics, U.S.

Department of Justice, before going back to an academic career; she is now a professor in the

Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice at the University of Delaware. She is coauthor

of Statistical Methods for Criminology and Criminal Justice and coeditor of Explaining Criminals

and Crime: Essays in Contemporary Criminal Theory. In addition, she is the author of Death and

Violence on the Reservation and coauthor of Stress, Culture, and Aggression; Murder American

Style; and Violence: The Enduring Problem, along with numerous articles and papers that examine

the epidemiology and etiology of violence, with particular emphasis on women, the elderly,

and minority populations as well as research examining desistance from crime. Her most recent

federally funded research was a mixed-methods study that examined the long-term desistance

trajectories of criminal justice involved drug-involved individuals who have been followed with

both quantitative and interview data for nearly thirty years. Her current state-funded research is

assessing the needs of violent crime victims, especially those whose voices are rarely heard such

as loved ones of homicide victims.