Reynolds / Curtin New Business Creation

An International Overview
2011
ISBN: 978-1-4419-7536-2
Verlag: Springer US
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Wasserzeichen (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, Band 27, 349 Seiten, eBook

Reihe: International Studies in Entrepreneurship

Understanding the origins of new businesses — the firm creation process—has been dramatically affected by the development of longitudinal studies of business start-ups. Several projects have been implemented to track the development of new firms, from the emergence of a business idea and organization of a start-up team through the birth of an operational business. The U.S. projects (the first and second Panel Studies of Entrepreneurial Dynamics, known as PSED I and II) have counterparts in a number of other countries: Australia, Canada, China, Latvia, Netherlands (two projects), Norway, and Sweden. These eleven projects in nine countries, implemented over the past decade, are at different stages of development and have been utilized for a wide range of assessments of entrepreneurial and business creation phenomena. This volume presents the state of the art of these international research projects, providing the first in-depth comparison of the firm creation data across a wide range of national contexts. The work will be of great interest to the research community, particularly those developing such projects in their own countries, as well as policy makers and scholars interested in the effect of national context on the business creation process.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Reynolds, Paul D

Curtin, Richard T.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;8
2;Contents;10
3;List of Figures;14
4;List of Tables;16
5;Chapter 1: Introduction;22
5.1;1.1 Introduction;22
5.2;1.2 Entrepreneurship and Firm Creation;24
5.3;1.3 Conceptualization of the Entrepreneurial Process;26
5.4;1.4 Global Comparisons of Stages in the Business Life Course;28
5.5;1.5 Overview of the Country Studies;32
5.6;1.6 Conceptual and Operational Definitions;34
5.6.1;1.6.1 Identifying Nascent Entrepreneurs;34
5.6.2;1.6.2 Operational Measures of Transitions;39
5.7;1.7 Chapter Overviews;42
5.8;1.8 Commentary;45
5.9;References;45
6;Chapter 2: Comprehensive Australian Study of Entrepreneurial Emergence (CAUSEE): Project Presentation and Early Results;47
6.1;2.1 Introduction;47
6.2;2.2 Context and Research Team;48
6.3;2.3 Definitions of Critical Events;49
6.4;2.4 Methodological Overview;52
6.5;2.5 Sample Characteristics and Early Results;56
6.6;2.6 Additional Process Observations;63
6.7;2.7 A Brief Look at Outcomes;65
6.8;2.8 Concluding Remarks;69
6.9;References;70
7;Chapter 3: The Canadian Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics;72
7.1;3.1 Introduction;72
7.2;3.2 Research Collaboration;73
7.3;3.3 Conceptual and Operational Definitions of Critical Events;74
7.4;3.4 Methodological Overview;74
7.4.1;3.4.1 Research Design;75
7.5;3.5 Data Collection;75
7.6;3.6 Description of the Sample;77
7.7;3.7 Who Are Canadian Nascent Entrepreneurs?;83
7.7.1;3.7.1 Their Motivation to Get into Business;84
7.7.2;3.7.2 What Kind of Businesses Are They Starting?;85
7.7.3;3.7.3 What Are They Doing to Get started?;86
7.7.4;3.7.4 Their Goal-Setting Commitment;86
7.8;3.8 Team Structures;86
7.9;3.9 Nascent Entrepreneurs and Gender Issues;87
7.10;3.10 Process;91
7.11;3.11 Outcome Overview;91
7.12;3.12 Exploring the Factors Associated with Outcomes;94
7.12.1;3.12.1 Individual Factors and Engagement in the Start-up Process;95
7.12.2;3.12.2 The Nature and Impact of Gestation-Specific Human Capital;96
7.12.3;3.12.3 Start-up Activities and New Venture Emergence;100
7.12.4;3.12.4 Exploring the Adequacy of “New Firm” Measurement;104
7.13;3.13 Impact of the Project on Policy and Scholarship;109
7.14;3.14 Appendix;110
7.15;References;110
8;Chapter 4: Anatomy of Business Creation in China: Initial Assessment of the Chinese Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics;113
8.1;4.1 Introduction;113
8.2;4.2 Research Context and Team;114
8.3;4.3 Previous Research and Design Considerations;114
8.3.1;4.3.1 Entrepreneurship and Institutional Transition in China;115
8.3.2;4.3.2 Comparison Between the CPSED and US-PSED;117
8.3.3;4.3.3 Research Framework and Design of the CPSED;118
8.4;4.4 Methodology;120
8.5;4.5 Entrepreneurs: Number and Characteristics;123
8.5.1;4.5.1 The Prevalence of Nascent Entrepreneurs;123
8.5.2;4.5.2 Characteristics of NEs;126
8.6;4.6 The Start-up Process: What Nascent Entrepreneurs Do?;129
8.7;4.7 The Outcome: What Types of Firms Are Started?;131
8.8;4.8 Conclusion;133
8.9;References;137
9;Chapter 5: German Panel of Nascent Entrepreneurs;140
9.1;5.1 Introduction;140
9.2;5.2 Project Development;140
9.3;5.3 Intellectual Background and Framework;141
9.4;5.4 Conceptual and Operational Definitions of Critical Events;143
9.5;5.5 Methodological Overview;145
9.6;5.6 Entrepreneurs: How Many and What They Are Like?;150
9.7;5.7 The Start-up Process;153
9.8;5.8 Conclusions;157
9.9;References;158
10;Chapter 6: Latvia: Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics Overview;159
10.1;6.1 Introduction;159
10.2;6.2 Project Development and Research Team;160
10.3;6.3 Methodological Overview;161
10.3.1;6.3.1 Screening and Wave 1;161
10.3.2;6.3.2 Wave 2 and Future Plans;165
10.4;6.4 Characteristics of Nascent Entrepreneurs and their Business Ventures;167
10.4.1;6.4.1 Prevalence of Nascent Entrepreneurs;167
10.4.2;6.4.2 Who Becomes Engaged in Nascent Entrepreneurship?;168
10.4.3;6.4.3 Nascent Enterprise Profile;172
10.5;6.5 The Start-up Process;174
10.6;6.6 Outcome Overview;180
10.7;6.7 Conclusion;187
10.8;References;189
11;Chapter 7: New Business Creation in the Netherlands;191
11.1;7.1 Introduction;191
11.2;7.2 Program Development and Background;192
11.3;7.3 Operational Definitions and Methodology;192
11.4;7.4 Nascent Entrepreneurs in the Netherlands;195
11.4.1;7.4.1 Start-up Process;196
11.4.1.1;7.4.1.1 Development of the Firm;196
11.4.1.2;7.4.1.2 Gestation Activities;197
11.4.1.3;7.4.1.3 Start-up Constraints;197
11.4.2;7.4.2 Business Characteristics;199
11.4.2.1;7.4.2.1 Industry Characteristics;199
11.4.2.2;7.4.2.2 Competitive Strategy;199
11.4.3;7.4.3 Human Capital Characteristics;200
11.4.3.1;7.4.3.1 General Human Capital;200
11.4.3.2;7.4.3.2 Specific Human Capital;201
11.4.3.3;7.4.3.3 Broadness of Human Capital;202
11.5;7.5 Outcome Overview;202
11.5.1;7.5.1 The 1998 NL Project (the Dutch ERC Study) Outcome Assessment;203
11.5.2;7.5.2 The 2006–2007 GE-NL Project Outcome Assessment;204
11.5.3;7.5.3 Comparing the Two Projects;206
11.6;7.6 Discussion and Conclusion;207
11.7;References;208
12;Chapter 8: Business Start-up Processes in Norway;210
12.1;8.1 Introduction;210
12.2;8.2 Project Development;211
12.3;8.3 Conceptual and Operational Definitions of Critical Events;211
12.4;8.4 Methodological Overview;213
12.4.1;8.4.1 Sample;213
12.4.2;8.4.2 Classification of Nascent Entrepreneurs and Business Founders;214
12.4.3;8.4.3 Business-Gestation Activities;215
12.5;8.5 Entrepreneurs: How Many Are They and What Are They Like?;217
12.6;8.6 The Start-up Process and Outcome Overview;219
12.6.1;8.6.1 Business-Gestation Activities and Start-up Propensity;220
12.6.2;8.6.2 Entrepreneurial Experience: Novice, Serial, and Portfolio Business Founders4;222
12.6.3;8.6.3 Gender Differences in the Business Start-up Process;226
12.6.4;8.6.4 Resources of Nascent Entrepreneurs;230
12.7;8.7 Conclusions;233
12.7.1;8.7.1 Policy Implications;234
12.7.2;8.7.2 Concluding Remarks;235
12.8;References;236
13;Chapter 9: The Swedish PSED: Performance in the Nascent Venturing Process and Beyond;238
13.1;9.1 Introduction;238
13.2;9.2 Project Development and Background;239
13.3;9.3 Conceptual and Operational Definitions and Critical Events;239
13.4;9.4 Method;241
13.5;9.5 The Longitudinal Study;242
13.6;9.6 “Swedish” Entrepreneurs;245
13.7;9.7 Who Becomes a Nascent Entrepreneur in Sweden?;247
13.8;9.8 Gender Differences;249
13.9;9.9 Nascent Enterprise Profile;251
13.10;9.10 The Start-up Process;255
13.11;9.11 Outcomes from the Nascent Venturing Process and Beyond;262
13.12;9.12 Conclusions from the Swedish PSED;266
13.13;References;267
14;Chapter 10: United States: Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics I, II Overview;269
14.1;10.1 Introduction1;269
14.2;10.2 Program Development and Background;270
14.3;10.3 Conceptual and Operational Definitions of Critical Events;272
14.4;10.4 Methodological Overview;273
14.5;10.5 Nascent Entrepreneurs: How Many and What They Are Like;278
14.6;10.6 Who Becomes a Nascent Entrepreneur?;282
14.7;10.7 Nascent Entrepreneur Profile;283
14.8;10.8 Nascent Enterprise Profile;290
14.9;10.9 The Start-up Process;296
14.10;10.10 Outcome Overview;299
14.11;10.11 Factors Affecting the Outcome;304
14.12;10.12 Conclusion;306
14.13;References;308
15;Chapter 11: Overview and Commentary;309
15.1;11.1 Introduction;309
15.2;11.2 National Longitudinal Studies of Business Creation;310
15.3;11.3 Selected Empirical Patterns;311
15.3.1;11.3.1 Prevalence of Nascent Entrepreneurs;311
15.3.2;11.3.2 Personal Characteristics of Nascent Entrepreneurs;313
15.3.3;11.3.3 Motivation to Start a Nascent Enterprise;315
15.3.4;11.3.4 Nature of the Nascent Enterprises;315
15.3.5;11.3.5 Features of the Firm Creation Process;317
15.4;11.4 Start-Up Process Outcomes;321
15.4.1;11.4.1 Factors Associated with Outcomes;324
15.5;11.5 The Impact of National Context;329
15.5.1;11.5.1 National Variations in Nascent Enterprises;331
15.5.2;11.5.2 National Variations in New Firms;333
15.5.3;11.5.3 Overall Impact of National Context;334
15.6;11.6 Implications for Entrepreneurs and Policy Makers;335
15.6.1;11.6.1 Implications for Entrepreneurs;336
15.6.2;11.6.2 Implications for Policy;337
15.6.3;11.6.3 Encouraging More Nascent Enterprises;337
15.6.4;11.6.4 Enhancing Nascent Venture Transitions to New Firms;340
15.7;11.7 Implications for Future Research;341
15.7.1;11.7.1 Conceptualization of the Business Creation Process;341
15.7.2;11.7.2 Enhancing Research Potential Through Representative Samples;342
15.7.3;11.7.3 Enhancing Analysis Potential;345
15.7.4;11.7.4 Final Observations;345
15.8;References;346
16;Authors’ Biographies;349
17;Index;355