E-Book, Englisch, Band 33, 609 Seiten, Format (B × H): 153 mm x 227 mm
Reihe: Schriftenreihe Recht und Verfassung in Afrika – Law and Constitution in Africa
Namibia as a Case Study
E-Book, Englisch, Band 33, 609 Seiten, Format (B × H): 153 mm x 227 mm
Reihe: Schriftenreihe Recht und Verfassung in Afrika – Law and Constitution in Africa
ISBN: 978-3-8452-7902-2
Verlag: Nomos
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)
Autoren/Hrsg.
Fachgebiete
- Rechtswissenschaften Recht, Rechtswissenschaft Allgemein Rechtsvergleichung
- Rechtswissenschaften Internationales Recht und Europarecht Internationales Recht Internationales Handels-, Wirtschafts- und Gesellschaftsrecht
- Rechtswissenschaften Recht, Rechtswissenschaft Allgemein Recht mehrerer Jurisdiktionen, Synopsen
Weitere Infos & Material
1;Cover;1
2; List of Abbreviations;18
3; Introduction;20
3.1;1. Background;20
3.2;2. Problem Statement;22
3.3;3. Literature Review;29
3.4;4. Research Methodology;36
3.4.1;a. General Remarks;36
3.4.2;b. Field Research in Namibia;43
3.5;5. General Outline;45
4;PART I: The Nature and the Regulation of Public Procurement;50
4.1;Chapter 1: The Nature of Public Procurement and its general Regulation;52
4.1.1;1. Introduction;52
4.1.2;2. Principles of Public Procurement;53
4.1.3;3. Pillars of Public Procurement Systems;56
4.1.4;4. Stages of Public Procurement Procedures;57
4.1.5;5. Procurement Methods;59
4.1.6;6. E-Procurement;63
4.1.7;7. Organisational Structure and Workforce;66
4.1.8;8. Review Procedures;67
4.2;Chapter 2: Transparency and the Problem of Corruption;70
4.2.1;1. Introduction;70
4.2.2;2. Corruption and possible Effects;71
4.2.3;3. Transparency Requirements in Public Procurement;72
4.2.4;4. Additional Instruments to ensure Transparency;77
4.2.5;5. Compromising Efficiency?;79
4.3;Chapter 3: Secondary Objectives;82
4.3.1;1. Introduction;82
4.3.2;2. Types of Socio-Economic Objectives;85
4.3.2.1;a. Preferential Procurement;86
4.3.2.2;b. Inclusion of Criteria increasing Social Welfare;92
4.3.2.3;c. Preferential Procurement from different Viewpoints: Protectionism vs. Liberalisation;94
4.3.3;3. Environmental Procurement;100
4.4;Chapter 4: Summary of Findings;106
5;PART II: International and National Public Procurement Regulations;110
5.1;Chapter 1: The WTO Government Procurement Agreement;112
5.1.1;1. Introduction;112
5.1.2;2. The Essentials of the GPA;114
5.1.2.1;a. Background;114
5.1.2.1.1;i. Principles, Objectives and Scope;114
5.1.2.1.2;ii. Review of the Agreement;114
5.1.2.1.3;iii. Terminology;116
5.1.2.2;b. Objectives and Principles;117
5.1.2.3;c. Scope and Coverage of the GPA;122
5.1.2.3.1;i. Scope and Coverage;122
5.1.2.3.2;ii. General Exceptions;124
5.1.3;3. Procedures;125
5.1.3.1;a. Procurement Methods and Procedures;125
5.1.3.2;b. Tender Specification, Award Criteria and Evaluation Methods;128
5.1.3.2.1;i. Qualification Criteria;128
5.1.3.2.2;ii. Description of the Subject Matter;129
5.1.3.2.3;iii. Evaluation Criteria;131
5.1.3.2.4;iv. Method of Evaluation;131
5.1.4;4. Institutions: The Committee on Government Procurement;132
5.1.5;5. The Treatment of Developing and Least-developed Countries;132
5.1.5.1;a. The 1994 Agreement;132
5.1.5.2;b. The revised Agreement;136
5.1.6;6. Transparency;138
5.1.6.1;a. General Transparency Provisions;138
5.1.6.2;b. Procurement Planning;142
5.1.7;7. Secondary Objectives;143
5.1.7.1;a. The 1994 Agreement;143
5.1.7.2;b. The revised Agreement;152
5.1.7.3;c. Rules of Origin and Offsets;155
5.1.8;8. Enforcement;156
5.1.8.1;a. Introduction;156
5.1.8.2;b. Challenging Breaches of the Agreement;157
5.1.8.3;c. Domestic Review Procedures;159
5.1.9;9. The Reluctance of Developing Countries to seek GPA Accession;161
5.1.9.1;a. The 1994 GPA;161
5.1.9.2;b. The revised GPA;168
5.1.10;10. Conclusion;170
5.2;Chapter 2: UNCITRAL Model Law on Procurement;174
5.2.1;1. Introduction;174
5.2.2;2. About UNCITRAL;175
5.2.3;3. The Essentials of the UNCITRAL Model Law on Procurement;177
5.2.3.1;a. Background;177
5.2.3.2;b. Objectives and Principles;179
5.2.3.3;c. Scope and Coverage;181
5.2.4;4. Tender Procedures;181
5.2.4.1;a. Procurement Methods and Procedures;181
5.2.4.2;b. Tender Specification, Award Criteria and Evaluation Methods;185
5.2.4.2.1;i. Qualification Criteria;185
5.2.4.2.2;ii. Description of the Subject Matter;187
5.2.4.2.3;iii. Evaluation Criteria;187
5.2.4.2.4;iv. Method of Evaluation;190
5.2.4.2.5;v. Rejection of Abnormally Low Submissions;191
5.2.5;5. Institutions and Staff Regulations;191
5.2.6;6. Transparency;191
5.2.7;7. Secondary Objectives;193
5.2.7.1;a. The Scope of Application of Secondary Objectives;193
5.2.7.2;b. The Principle of Non-Discrimination;196
5.2.8;8. Review Procedures;199
5.2.9;9. Conclusion;201
5.3;Chapter 3: COMESA Procurement Reform – The Example of Mauritius;206
5.3.1;1. Introduction;206
5.3.2;2. COMESA Procurement Reform Project;207
5.3.2.1;a. Background;207
5.3.2.2;b. Laws and Regulations;209
5.3.2.2.1;i. COMESA Procurement Directive (2003);209
5.3.2.2.2;ii. COMESA Procurement Regulations;209
5.3.2.3;c. Objectives and Principles;209
5.3.2.4;d. Scope and Coverage;211
5.3.2.5;e. Institutions and Staff;212
5.3.2.6;f. Procedures;214
5.3.2.7;i. Procurement Methods and Procedures;214
5.3.2.7.1;ii. Tender Specification, Award Criteria and EvaluationMethods;217
5.3.2.8;g. Transparency;218
5.3.2.9;h. Secondary Objectives;219
5.3.2.10;i. Review Procedures;220
5.3.2.11;j. Procurement Planning;221
5.3.2.12;k. Contract Administration;221
5.3.2.13;l. Provisions for the Implementation of Reform;221
5.3.3;3. Interim Conclusion;222
5.3.4;4. Mauritian Procurement Law;223
5.3.4.1;a. Background;223
5.3.4.2;b. The Framework;224
5.3.4.3;i. Laws and Regulations;224
5.3.4.3.1;ii. Objectives and Principles;225
5.3.4.3.1.1;iii. Scope and Coverage;225
5.3.4.3.1.1.1;c.I nstitutions and Staff;227
5.3.4.4;d. Procedures;231
5.3.4.5;i. Procurement Methods and Procedures;231
5.3.4.5.1;ii. Tender Specification, Award Criteria andEvaluation Methods;237
5.3.4.5.1.1;iii. Procurement Planning;239
5.3.4.5.2;iv. Contract Administration;240
5.3.4.6;e. Transparency;240
5.3.4.7;f. Secondary Objectives;244
5.3.4.8;g. Review Procedures;246
5.3.5;5. Conclusion;249
5.4;Chapter 4: Public Procurement Law in South Africa;252
5.4.1;1. Introduction;252
5.4.2;2. The Framework;255
5.4.2.1;a. Laws and Policies regarding Public Procurement;255
5.4.2.2;b. Objectives and Principles;262
5.4.2.3;i. Merging Procurement and Financial Management;262
5.4.2.3.1;ii. Redressing the Imbalances of the Past;263
5.4.2.4;c. Scope and Coverage;265
5.4.3;3. Institutions and Staff;267
5.4.4;4. Basics of the Supply Chain Management System;272
5.4.4.1;a. Procurement Methods;272
5.4.4.2;b. Tender Specifications, Award Criteria andEvaluation Methods;274
5.4.4.3;i. Uniformity;277
5.4.4.3.1;ii. Electronic Procurement;278
5.4.5;5. Transparency and Strategies to Combat Corruption;279
5.4.5.1;a. Specific Procurement-related Transparency Provisions;279
5.4.5.2;b. Non-Procurement Specific Regulations;284
5.4.6;6. Secondary Objectives;290
5.4.6.1;a. The Preferential Procurement Policy Framework Act andRegulations;290
5.4.6.2;b. Targeted Procurement;294
5.4.6.3;c. Pros and Cons of the South African PreferentialProcurement System;295
5.4.6.4;d. South African Preferential Procurement in theInternational Context;305
5.4.7;7. Review Procedures;307
5.4.7.1;a. Administrative Review;307
5.4.7.2;b. Non-Judicial External Review;309
5.4.7.3;c. Judicial Review;311
5.4.7.4;d. The main Principles of Public Procurement in South AfricanCase Law;318
5.4.7.5;e. Problems in the South African Public Procurement ReviewMechanisms;320
5.4.8;8. Conclusion;322
5.5;Chapter 5: Best Practices in Public Procurement;328
5.5.1;1. Introduction;328
5.5.2;2. Best Practices in Public Procurement Legal Systems;331
5.5.2.1;a. Objectives;331
5.5.2.1.1;b.I nstitutional and Organisational Form;332
5.5.2.2;c. Workforce;334
5.5.2.3;d. Scope;335
5.5.2.4;e. Procedures and Methods;336
5.5.2.5;i. Procurement Planning;336
5.5.2.5.1;ii. Pre-bidding Phase;337
5.5.2.5.1.1;iii. Bidding Phase;340
5.5.2.5.2;iv. Award Phase;340
5.5.2.6;v. Contract Management;341
5.5.2.7;f. Secondary Objectives;342
5.5.2.8;g. Transparency;343
5.5.2.9;h. Review Mechanisms;344
5.5.3;3. Lessons Learned from Mauritius;345
5.5.4;4. Lessons Learned from South Africa;348
6;PART III: Namibia as a Case Study: Public Procurement Law and Reform;352
6.1;Chapter 1: The Namibian Public Procurement Law;354
6.1.1;1. Introduction;354
6.1.2;2. The Framework;356
6.1.2.1;a. Laws and Policies regarding Public Procurement on different Levels of Government Structure;356
6.1.2.2;b. Public Procurement-related Development Policies in Namibia: Affirmative Action;358
6.1.2.2.1;i. Introduction;358
6.1.2.2.2;ii. Affirmative Action (Employment) Act;360
6.1.2.3;c. Objectives and Principles;361
6.1.2.4;d. Scope and Coverage;361
6.1.2.5;e. Institutions and Staff;369
6.1.3;3. Basics of the Public Procurement system;374
6.1.3.1;a. Procurement Methods;374
6.1.3.2;b. Procurement Planning and Contract Management;378
6.1.3.3;c. Tender Specification, Award Criteria and Evaluation Methods;380
6.1.3.3.1;i. Contents of Tender Documents;380
6.1.3.3.2;ii. Evaluation of Tenders;383
6.1.4;4. Transparency and Strategies to Counteract Corruption;391
6.1.4.1;a. Specific Procurement-related Transparency Provisions;391
6.1.4.2;b. Non-Procurement specific Regulations;395
6.1.5;5. Secondary Objectives;402
6.1.5.1;a. Price Preference Policy;402
6.1.5.2;b. Other Socio-Economic Objectives;404
6.1.5.3;c. TIPEEG Tenders;407
6.1.5.4;d. Interim Conclusion;408
6.1.6;6. Chinese Construction Companies in the Namibian Public Procurement System;410
6.1.7;7. Review Procedures;421
6.1.7.1;a. Introduction;421
6.1.7.2;b. Administrative Review;421
6.1.7.3;c. Non-Judicial External Review;423
6.1.7.4;d. Judicial Review;426
6.1.8;8. The main Principles of Public Procurement in Namibian Case Law;428
6.1.8.1;a. Procedural Issues;428
6.1.8.2;b. The Principle of Legality;431
6.1.8.3;c. The Requirement to provide Reasons under Article 18;439
6.1.8.4;d. CSC Neckartal Dam Joint Venture v The Tender Board of Namibia & Others;440
6.1.8.4.1;i. Background;440
6.1.8.4.2;ii. The Court Decision;444
6.1.8.5;e. Interim Interdicts and the Matter of Urgency;446
6.1.8.6;f. Summary of Case Law;451
6.1.8.7;g. Interim Conclusion;452
6.1.9;9. Conclusion;454
6.2;Chapter 2: Reform of Public Procurement Law;458
6.2.1;1. Introduction;458
6.2.2;2. The Reform;460
6.2.2.1;a. Reform Drivers;460
6.2.2.2;b. Reform Hindrances;461
6.2.2.3;c. The first Steps of a Public Procurement Reform;464
6.2.2.4;d. Legal Drafting;467
6.2.2.5;e. Implementation;467
6.2.3;3. Organisational Issues;472
6.2.3.1;a. Regulated Process vs. Managerial Task;472
6.2.3.2;b. Decentralised vs. Centralised Approach;473
6.2.3.3;c. Institutional Capacity;475
6.2.3.4;d. Human Resources;476
6.2.4;4. Procedures and Methods;478
6.2.5;5. Transparency;480
6.2.6;6. Secondary Objectives;482
6.2.6.1;a. Inclusion of Secondary Objectives into Public Procurement Law;482
6.2.6.2;b. Inclusion of Environmental Criteria;485
6.2.7;7. Review Procedures;486
6.2.8;8. Other Important Considerations;488
6.2.8.1;a. Procurement Planning;488
6.2.8.2;b. Contract Management;489
6.2.8.3;c. E-Procurement;489
6.2.9;9. Conclusion;491
6.3;Chapter 3: Procurement Reform in Namibia;496
6.3.1;1. Introduction;496
6.3.2;2. The Reform Project;498
6.3.2.1;a. Outline of the Reform Process;498
6.3.2.2;b. Reform Drivers;501
6.3.2.3;c. Stakeholders Involvement;504
6.3.2.4;d. Influence of International and Foreign Law;505
6.3.2.5;e. Reform Hindrances;508
6.3.3;3. Essential Aspects and Recommendations for a new Public Procurement Law;511
6.3.3.1;a. Scope;511
6.3.3.2;b. Objectives and Principles;513
6.3.3.3;c. Organisational Issues;514
6.3.3.3.1;i. Institutions;514
6.3.3.3.2;ii. Human Resources;520
6.3.3.4;d. Methods and Procedures;522
6.3.3.5;e. Transparency;524
6.3.3.6;f. Secondary Objectives;528
6.3.3.7;g. E-Procurement;531
6.3.3.8;h. Procurement Planning;533
6.3.3.8.1;i. Contract Management;534
6.3.3.9;j. Review System;535
6.3.4;4. Learning from Mistakes – an Attempt to make the Reform a Success;538
6.3.4.1;a. Changes with regard to the Scope;539
6.3.4.2;b. Institutional and Organisational Structure;541
6.3.4.3;c. Review Mechanisms;543
6.3.4.4;d. Interim conclusion;544
6.3.5;5. Conclusion;544
6.4;Chapter 4: Lessons Learned and Conclusion;550
6.4.1;1. Conclusion;550
6.4.2;2. Lessons Learned;555
7; References;560
8; Bibliography;560
9; List of Legislation;582
9.1; Namibia;582
9.2; South Africa;583
9.3; Mauritius;584
9.4; Others;584
10; List of International Legal Instruments;586
11; List of Cases;588
11.1; Namibia;588
11.2; South Africa;589
11.3; WTO Disputes;591
12; Annexes;592
12.1; Annex 1: List of Interview Partners;592
12.2; Annex 2: List of Sample Questions;594
12.3; Annex 3: Essential Aspects of Public Procurement Reform Processes;596
12.4; Index;600
