A Swiss German Tutorial
E-Book, Englisch, 244 Seiten
ISBN: 978-3-7322-0133-4
Verlag: Books on Demand
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Wasserzeichen (»Systemvoraussetzungen)
Autoren/Hrsg.
Weitere Infos & Material
Introductions
by Paul Schreier When I moved to Switzerland, I didn't think learning Swiss German (from here on referred to as Schweizerdeutsch) would be that big of a deal. After all, I had previously spent three years in Germany and so am reasonably fluent in Hochdeutsch (High German), and it wouldn’t be much different than picking up a regional dialect like Oberbayerisch, right? Was I in for a shock! Schweizerdeutsch is truly a distinct language, and it’s about as closely related to Hochdeutsch as is Dutch. Consider that when a Swiss is interviewed on German TV, the viewers need subtitles. What makes it a real challenge to learn Schweizerdeutsch above all is the fact that it’s not a written language, only a spoken language and with multiple distinct dialects. So how do you find a textbook for a non-written language? In our case, how do you write an instructional text for a non-written language? As it turns out, there’s a real lack of good teaching materials for Schweizerdeutsch. Part of the reason is likely the limited market appeal for such a book— after all, out of a total population near 7.5 million, ¾ (roughly only 5.6 million people) speak Schweizerdeutsch, while visitors and expats can get along fine with Hochdeutsch. And quite a few Swiss are very comfortable with English. But without learning the local language, you just don't experience the country in the same way. You can't sit on a tram and casually overhear people talking about the latest little shop they discovered; you can't understand when your doctor makes a comment to her assistant during your examination; you can't join a local club or social organization and expect to have the slightest idea of what's going on because the members will inevitably slip into Schweizerdeutsch in spite of their best efforts to be kind to you. Further, even though Schweizerdeutsch isn’t written, it is the de-facto standard language of spoken commerce, at every level and in every profession. During my first week in the country I was surprised to even hear lawyers and bankers conducting their business in this guttural language that has evolved from the farmyards and still retains some expressions that just about anyone else would consider crude. However, these expressions have gone beyond that stage and are accepted as perfectly respectable idioms. To learn a language, you must hear it; to "hear" it in the true sense of the word, you must understand what is being said. Without much in the way of resources, it’s difficult to study Schweizerdeutsch. With courses at a language school or a tutor you can make a lot of headway, but you'll perhaps run into the same situation I did: I found myself at a plateau but had great difficulty jumping to the next level. Specifically, I got to the point where I could understand most of what I heard the TV news broadcasters saying, and it was the same if somebody took the time to speak slowly and distinctly. This is what I started to refer to as "Hoch-Schweizerdeutsch." But people don't normally talk that way in their mother tongue. We talk fast. We slur our words. We use slang and other colorful expressions that won't make it on a news program. Thus, in virtually any other Schweizerdeutsch environment I was lost— as if I had never even studied the language—such as when somebody stopped me on the street to ask directions, or the lady at the newsstand made a comment about something, or when a radio DJ started rambling on or did an on-the-air interview with a local. Clearly, there's a need for some way to help students hear street Schweizerdeutsch, or what they refer to as Mundart, and understand what is being said. Then we came upon an idea: why not use a movie? The advantages are many, and key among them: The actors speak in real Mundart, not a refined newscaster type of Schweizerdeutsch. The actors tend to use real expressions that you’ll actually hear on the street; with the right movie, you can learn how to conduct yourself in many everyday situations. In a typical language course the drills are dry, and it takes a lot of self-discipline to go over them more than two or three times before you die of boredom. The right movie, in contrast, could be interesting enough to allow for multiple viewings without going over the boredom threshold. With this book we think we've found an approach that achieves these goals: an interesting, down-to-earth way of learning the language, but one that's actually very enjoyable. So which film to choose? Well, there aren’t all that many Mundart movies coming out of Switzerland to begin with. But one stands out as an excellent candidate. It’s a satire and romantic comedy, it deals with contemporary situations, and it's the most successful movie ever to come out of Switzerland. Its title: Die Schweizermacher. As you'll see, it's a story about two civil servants who must investigate several foreigners who have applied for Swiss citizenship. The officers must conduct a character investigation on the candidates. By the nature of the plot, you'll learn a great deal about the Swiss and their way of life. But be careful! In this satire you can't take everything at face value. So how can a foreigner know what to take as normal and what's the director is poking fun at? For selected scenes we've included commentary at the end of the chapter to help you understand the jokes that only a Swiss audience would appreciate. In addition, this film is celebrating its 25th anniversary as we write this book, and it's aging well. But some things have changed. The most obvious is the naturalization process, which has changed for the better and in some ways also for the worse. We present a short discussion of the issues in the following section of this book. Another thing that has changed is our ability to laugh at ourselves. It's clear to me that in these days of exaggerated political correctness that this film probably could not be made in the honest form it has been here. In closing, we believe that combining such an entertaining film with this transcription / translation and the accompanying Grammar Notes and Quick Grammar sections makes a wonderful educational tool for students of Schweizerdeutsch at any level. Beginners can get used to hearing common words and phrases as well as start getting accustomed to the language's rhythms and flow. They can also start building up a basic vocabulary. Intermediate students will expand their vocabularies with real-world expressions and can take a closer examination of how sentences are constructed. We hope we've taken some of the boredom out of learning a language. This is one class exercise we're certain you'll enjoy. by Harry Fuchs
I am a native German who has lived in Switzerland for 40 years. Perhaps my biggest task during this project was to create the Schweizerdeutsch transcription of the dialog in the movie. After all, how do you go about writing down on paper the dialog spoken in a language that has no formal written format? That’s the case because Schweizerdeutsch is strictly a spoken language. Ask six Swiss people how to write a given word and you'll get six different answers. We thought we might be able to work from the original script for the film, but it was written in Hochdeutsch, and the actors basically ad-libbed the Schweizerdeutsch translation during the filming. When making the transcription, I decided to use the German pronunciation because of its phonetics. To make the Schweizerdeutsch as readable as possible, I tried to make words easily recognizable when possible. For instance, I used Vogel instead of Fogel, and jetz instead of jez, jets, iez or iets. However, some words might look unusual and become difficult to read, especially when using the kch for the cracking guttural sounds common in Schweizerdeutsch. Although Switzerland is a relatively small country, there are a large number of distinct dialects, and everyone is proud of their dialect. People do not try to diminish or hide their dialect when in other cities or at work, as is common in some other European countries. In the film, almost all the characters come from different areas and hence speak with somewhat of a dialect, all a bit different. The film’s director seems to have asked them to tone down the dialect when it came to pronunciation, but not as much in the use of regional terms. Even so, my goal was to attain consistency of spellings throughout this book; it will do students little good to see half a dozen different spellings (based on regional pronunciations) for the same word. Further, the dialects differ mainly in the use of the vowels, and it is difficult to be consistent when the actors used shades of vowels such as e, ö and a silent e or something in between. Perhaps the most difficult part of doing the transcription was writing down the casual utterances the actors use, in particular hä, he and ä. Were they really important to speech, or were they simply fillers between phrases and sentences? I rather consider them flavoring particles that don't translate directly, and they instead convey a certain feeling or the speaker’s attitude. In this film, these utterances are most noticeable with Bodmer. They reflect his personality, which comes across as negative and closed-minded. In fact, the more I worked on this project and studied his speed patterns, the more I disliked him. I ended up with a very strong antipathy towards this character. This was, of course, primarily due to his role in the film, but...
